DPM DPM Vascular & Neurological Conditions of the Lower Extremity 2

Question 1

What is the most common underlying cause of peripheral neuropathy in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes mellitus

Answer

Alcoholism

Answer

Vitamin B12 deficiency

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Question 2

Which type of nerve fiber is first affected in diabetic peripheral neuropathy?

Accepted Answer

Small unmyelinated C fibers and Aδ fibers

Answer

Large myelinated motor fibers

Answer

Proprioceptive Ia afferents

Answer

Alpha motor neurons

Question 3

Which clinical finding is characteristic of Raynaud's phenomenon in the feet?

Accepted Answer

Triphasic color change: white → blue → red with cold exposure

Answer

Pitting edema with brawny skin changes

Answer

Ulceration over the medial malleolus

Answer

Bounding dorsalis pedis pulse

Question 4

An ABI value greater than 1.3 in a diabetic patient suggests:

Accepted Answer

Non-compressible calcified vessels giving falsely elevated readings

Answer

Normal arterial circulation

Answer

Severe arterial occlusion

Answer

Venous hypertension

Question 5

Which medication class is the cornerstone of medical management for symptomatic peripheral arterial disease?

Accepted Answer

Antiplatelet agents (aspirin or clopidogrel)

Answer

Warfarin anticoagulation

Answer

Calcium channel blockers

Answer

Loop diuretics

Question 6

Which monofilament test is the standard for screening loss of protective sensation in the diabetic foot?

Accepted Answer

10-gram Semmes-Weinstein monofilament

Answer

2-point discrimination with a caliper

Answer

128-Hz tuning fork vibration test

Answer

Sharp/dull discrimination with a pin