DOH Emergency Medicine & Critical Care 3

Question 1

Which ventilator strategy is recommended for patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) to minimize ventilator-induced lung injury?

Accepted Answer

Low tidal volume (6 mL/kg ideal body weight) with high PEEP

Answer

High tidal volume (10–12 mL/kg ideal body weight) with low PEEP

Answer

Pressure control ventilation with tidal volume >10 mL/kg

Answer

Volume control ventilation targeting PaO2 > 100 mmHg

Question 2

A patient arrives in the emergency department with suspected opioid overdose. Which medication should be administered immediately?

Accepted Answer

Naloxone 0.4–2 mg IV/IM/IN

Answer

Flumazenil 0.2 mg IV

Answer

Activated charcoal 50 g orally

Answer

Physostigmine 2 mg IV

Question 3

In the trauma primary survey, what does the 'C' in the modified <C>ABCDE approach stand for?

Accepted Answer

Catastrophic hemorrhage control

Answer

Circulation assessment

Answer

Cervical spine immobilization

Answer

Consciousness level assessment

Question 4

Which of the following is a contraindication to thrombolytic therapy in ischemic stroke?

Accepted Answer

Recent intracranial surgery within 3 months

Answer

Age > 65 years

Answer

Blood glucose of 7 mmol/L

Answer

Mild neurological deficits

Question 5

What is the initial energy dose recommended for defibrillation of ventricular fibrillation using a biphasic defibrillator?

Accepted Answer

150–200 joules

Answer

100 joules

Answer

300 joules

Answer

360 joules

Question 6

Which of the following correctly describes the AVPU scale used in emergency neurological assessment?

Accepted Answer

Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive

Answer

Alert, Voice, Pupils, Unconscious

Answer

Awake, Verbal, Pupils, Unresponsive

Answer

Alert, Verbal, Pressure, Unresponsive

Question 7

A patient with known chronic kidney disease presents with peaked T waves, widened QRS, and a serum potassium of 7.2 mEq/L. What is the FIRST priority intervention?

Accepted Answer

Give calcium gluconate IV to stabilize the cardiac membrane

Answer

Administer sodium bicarbonate IV

Answer

Start insulin and dextrose infusion

Answer

Initiate emergency hemodialysis