DOH Clinical Medicine & Pharmacology

Question 1

A 55-year-old Emirati male presents with central obesity, hypertriglyceridaemia, and fasting blood glucose of 6.2 mmol/L. Which condition best describes his presentation?

Accepted Answer

Metabolic syndrome

Answer

Metabolic syndrome is diagnosed when central obesity co-exists with at least two of: raised triglycerides, low HDL, hypertension, or raised fasting glucose — this patient meets criteria.

Question 2

Which antidiabetic drug class is associated with cardiovascular and renal protective benefits frequently recommended in UAE clinical guidelines for type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

SGLT-2 inhibitors

Answer

SGLT-2 inhibitors (e.g., empagliflozin, dapagliflozin) have demonstrated significant cardiovascular and renoprotective outcomes, making them preferred agents in UAE/international guidelines for T2DM with co-morbidities.

Question 3

A patient is prescribed metformin 500 mg BD. Which condition is an absolute contraindication to its use?

Accepted Answer

Severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m²)

Answer

Metformin is absolutely contraindicated when eGFR falls below 30 mL/min/1.73m² due to the risk of lactic acidosis from drug accumulation.

Question 4

Which vaccine is part of the UAE National Immunisation Schedule given at birth to protect against a disease with high prevalence historically in the region?

Accepted Answer

BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) vaccine

Answer

BCG vaccine is given at birth in the UAE National Immunisation Schedule to provide protection against severe forms of tuberculosis, which remains a public health consideration in the region.

Question 5

What is the first-line antihypertensive drug class preferred for a 45-year-old diabetic patient with proteinuria according to standard clinical guidelines applied in Abu Dhabi?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors or ARBs

Answer

ACE inhibitors or ARBs are first-line for hypertensive diabetic patients with proteinuria due to their proven renoprotective effect beyond blood pressure control.

HAAD/DOH Abu Dhabi Practice Test

HAAD/DOH Abu Dhabi Practice Test

DOH Clinical Medicine & Pharmacology