DL Advanced and Specialized Skills 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which machine learning approach is used when labeled training data is not available and the model must find patterns on its own?
- Supervised learning
- Reinforcement learning
- Unsupervised learning (Correct answer)
- Transfer learning
Correct answer: Unsupervised learning
Unsupervised learning finds hidden patterns or intrinsic structures in unlabeled input data without predefined correct answers.
Question 2: A developer uses `git rebase` instead of `git merge`. What is the key practical difference?
- Rebase deletes commit history permanently
- Rebase creates a linear commit history by replaying commits (Correct answer)
- Merge requires admin approval while rebase does not
- They produce identical results in all cases
Correct answer: Rebase creates a linear commit history by replaying commits
Git rebase replays commits onto a new base, creating a cleaner linear history compared to merge's divergent branch records.
Question 3: What does 'containerization' mean in modern software deployment?
- Encrypting database tables
- Packaging an application and its dependencies into an isolated runtime unit (Correct answer)
- Storing backups in cloud buckets
- Splitting a monolithic app into microservices
Correct answer: Packaging an application and its dependencies into an isolated runtime unit
Containerization packages application code with all its dependencies into a portable, isolated unit that runs consistently across environments.
Question 4: A user wants to query a NoSQL document database. Which query language or method is typically used in MongoDB?
- Standard SQL SELECT statements
- SPARQL queries
- JSON-based query documents passed as method arguments (Correct answer)
- XPath expressions
Correct answer: JSON-based query documents passed as method arguments
MongoDB uses JSON-like query documents passed to methods such as `find()` rather than traditional SQL syntax.
Question 5: Which networking protocol is responsible for translating human-readable domain names into IP addresses?
- FTP
- SMTP
- DNS (Correct answer)
- SSH
Correct answer: DNS
DNS (Domain Name System) resolves human-readable domain names like example.com into machine-readable IP addresses.
Question 6: A content creator wants to protect their digital work from unauthorized reuse while still allowing sharing with attribution. Which Creative Commons license is most appropriate?
- CC0 (Public Domain Dedication)
- CC BY (Attribution) (Correct answer)
- CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives)
- All Rights Reserved copyright
Correct answer: CC BY (Attribution)
CC BY allows others to share and adapt the work for any purpose as long as they give appropriate credit to the creator.
Question 7: What is the purpose of two-factor authentication (2FA) in digital security?
- To double the length of a user's password
- To require two separate verification factors, reducing unauthorized access risk (Correct answer)
- To encrypt data with two different keys simultaneously
- To allow two users to share one account securely
Correct answer: To require two separate verification factors, reducing unauthorized access risk
2FA requires users to provide two distinct authentication factors (e.g., password plus a one-time code), making account compromise significantly harder.
DL Advanced and Specialized Skills 3
Which machine learning approach is used when labeled training data is not available and the model must find patterns on its own?