DHA Pediatric Care & Child Health

Question 1

At what age should a healthy child be able to walk independently, say 2–3 words with meaning, and use a pincer grasp?

Accepted Answer

12 months

Answer

By 12 months, most children walk independently (or are close to it), say 1–3 words meaningfully (e.g., 'mama', 'dada'), and demonstrate the pincer grasp (using thumb and index finger). These are key 12-month developmental milestones.

Question 2

A 3-year-old child weighs 14 kg. Using the Holliday-Segar method, what is the correct daily maintenance fluid requirement?

Accepted Answer

1,200 mL/day

Answer

Holliday-Segar: 100 mL/kg for the first 10 kg = 1,000 mL; 50 mL/kg for the next kg = 50 × 4 = 200 mL. Total = 1,200 mL/day. This formula provides maintenance fluid based on metabolic rate.

Question 3

According to standard immunization schedules, the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine is first administered at which age?

Accepted Answer

12–15 months

Answer

The first dose of MMR is given at 12–15 months of age; the second dose is given at 4–6 years. Maternal antibodies interfere with the vaccine before 12 months, reducing its effectiveness.

Question 4

A 2-year-old is brought in with decreased urine output, sunken fontanelle, dry mucous membranes, and skin tenting. Heart rate is 145 bpm. How would you classify this child's dehydration?

Accepted Answer

Moderate (5–10%) dehydration

Answer

Sunken fontanelle, skin tenting, dry mucous membranes, and tachycardia without shock classify as moderate dehydration (5–10% body weight loss). Severe dehydration would additionally present with hypotension, lethargy, or altered consciousness.

Question 5

Which pain assessment tool is MOST appropriate for a 4-year-old child who is awake and cooperative but cannot read?

Accepted Answer

Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale

Answer

The Wong-Baker FACES scale uses cartoon faces ranging from happy to crying, making it suitable for children aged 3 and older who can point but may not understand numeric or abstract scales. FLACC is used for preverbal or non-communicative children.

DHA - Dubai Health Authority Practice Test

DHA - Dubai Health Authority Practice Test

DHA Pediatric Care & Child Health