DESE Reading & Literacy Instruction 2

Question 1

A student consistently reverses letters such as 'b' and 'd' when reading and writing. Which condition should the teacher consider and address through appropriate referral?

Accepted Answer

Dyslexia or a specific learning disability in reading

Answer

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Answer

Visual impairment requiring corrective lenses

Answer

Slow processing speed due to lack of reading practice

Question 2

What is the primary goal of guided reading instruction in a small-group literacy setting?

Accepted Answer

To support students in applying reading strategies with texts at their instructional level

Answer

To expose all students to grade-level texts simultaneously

Answer

To allow advanced readers to work independently while the teacher assists others

Answer

To practice oral reading fluency through repeated readings of the same text

Question 3

Which text structure signal words ('first,' 'next,' 'then,' 'finally') indicate that a nonfiction text is organized using which pattern?

Accepted Answer

Sequential or chronological order

Answer

Compare and contrast

Answer

Cause and effect

Answer

Problem and solution

Question 4

Under DESE guidelines, which tier in a Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS) provides high-quality, differentiated core reading instruction for all students?

Accepted Answer

Tier 1: Universal core instruction

Answer

Tier 3: Intensive, individualized intervention

Answer

Tier 2: Targeted small-group supplemental instruction

Answer

Tier 4: Special education services

Question 5

A teacher assigns students to read a passage and then create a graphic organizer showing cause-and-effect relationships. This activity primarily develops which literacy skill?

Accepted Answer

Reading comprehension through text structure analysis

Answer

Phonological awareness

Answer

Vocabulary acquisition through context clues

Answer

Oral reading fluency and expression

Question 6

According to Massachusetts DESE literacy frameworks, which of the following best defines 'morphological awareness' and its role in reading?

Accepted Answer

Awareness of meaningful units within words (prefixes, roots, suffixes) that aids decoding and vocabulary

Answer

Understanding punctuation and sentence structure in written text

Answer

The ability to recognize sight words automatically without decoding

Answer

Understanding how the rhythm and rhyme patterns in text support fluency

Question 7

Which practice is most consistent with culturally responsive literacy instruction?

Accepted Answer

Incorporating texts that reflect diverse cultural backgrounds and student experiences

Answer

Selecting texts exclusively from the traditional literary canon

Answer

Using only phonics-based decodable texts to avoid cultural bias

Answer

Focusing instruction on standard American English grammar forms only