DDS Dental Pharmacology and Anesthesia 3

Question 1

The inferior alveolar nerve block anesthetizes which teeth and structures?

Accepted Answer

Ipsilateral mandibular teeth from the third molar to the midline, plus lingual gingiva and tongue

Answer

All maxillary teeth ipsilaterally

Answer

Ipsilateral mandibular teeth, buccal gingiva of anterior teeth, lower lip, and chin

Answer

All mandibular teeth bilaterally

Question 2

Tetracyclines are contraindicated in children under 8 years old primarily because they:

Accepted Answer

Bind to calcium in developing teeth and bone, causing permanent discoloration and enamel hypoplasia

Answer

Cause nephrotoxicity in developing kidneys

Answer

Increase risk of intracranial hypertension in pediatric patients

Answer

Inhibit cartilage growth at the epiphyseal plates

Question 3

Which drug interaction requires dose reduction or avoidance when prescribing erythromycin or clarithromycin to a dental patient taking simvastatin?

Accepted Answer

Inhibition of CYP3A4 increases simvastatin levels, raising risk of myopathy/rhabdomyolysis

Answer

Increased simvastatin metabolism reducing cholesterol control

Answer

Erythromycin displaces simvastatin from plasma protein binding causing toxicity

Answer

Reduced antibiotic absorption in the presence of statins

Question 4

Cocaine is unique among local anesthetics used clinically because it:

Accepted Answer

Is used topically due to its intrinsic vasoconstrictive and local anesthetic properties

Answer

Is the only ester-type local anesthetic with vasoconstrictor properties

Answer

Has no toxicity potential at clinical doses

Answer

Is the standard of care for inferior alveolar nerve blocks

Question 5

When administering a Gow-Gates mandibular nerve block, the target landmark for needle placement is:

Accepted Answer

The neck of the mandibular condyle, below the lateral pterygoid muscle insertion

Answer

The mandibular foramen on the medial ramus

Answer

The anterior border of the ramus at the coronoid notch

Answer

The pterygomandibular raphe midpoint

Question 6

Opioid analgesics produce analgesia by acting primarily on which receptors?

Accepted Answer

Mu (μ), delta (δ), and kappa (κ) opioid receptors

Answer

NMDA receptors in the dorsal horn

Answer

GABA-B receptors in the thalamus

Answer

Substance P receptors (NK1) in the trigeminal nucleus