Data Processing ETL and Data Transformation 3

Question 1

What is data lineage?

Accepted Answer

The ability to trace data's origin, movements, and transformations throughout its lifecycle

Answer

Data lineage tracks where data originates, how it has been transformed, and where it flows, enabling auditability and impact analysis.

Question 2

What is the purpose of a lookup transformation in ETL?

Accepted Answer

To retrieve related values from a reference table during transformation

Answer

A lookup transformation queries a reference table to fetch related data values, such as converting a product code into a full product name during processing.

Question 3

What is change data capture (CDC)?

Accepted Answer

A technique that identifies and captures only the changes made to source data since the last extraction

Answer

Change data capture (CDC) tracks and captures insert, update, and delete operations in a source database so only changed data is propagated to downstream systems.

Question 4

What does 'data flattening' mean in ETL transformation?

Accepted Answer

Converting hierarchical or nested data structures into a tabular row-column format

Answer

Data flattening converts hierarchical structures like XML or JSON into flat tabular form suitable for loading into relational databases or spreadsheets.

Question 5

Which scheduling approach runs ETL jobs at fixed time intervals regardless of data availability?

Accepted Answer

Time-based scheduling

Answer

Time-based scheduling runs ETL jobs at predetermined intervals (e.g., nightly at 2 AM) independent of whether new data is available.

Data Processing Practice Test

Data Processing Practice Test

Data Processing ETL and Data Transformation 3