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Biology: Cellular Metabolism Flashcards

7 cards from real DAT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. What is the final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration?

    Answer: Oxygen

    Molecular oxygen accepts electrons at Complex IV and is reduced to water.

  2. The proton gradient driving ATP synthase is established across which membrane?

    Answer: Inner mitochondrial membrane

    Protons are pumped into the intermembrane space across the inner membrane, creating the proton-motive force.

  3. Approximately how many ATP are produced per NADH via oxidative phosphorylation (modern estimate)?

    Answer: 2.5

    Each NADH yields about 2.5 ATP, while FADH2 yields about 1.5 ATP.

  4. Which mechanism does ATP synthase use to generate ATP?

    Answer: Chemiosmosis

    ATP synthase uses the chemiosmotic flow of protons down their gradient to phosphorylate ADP.

  5. Cyanide blocks cellular respiration primarily by inhibiting which complex?

    Answer: Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase)

    Cyanide binds cytochrome c oxidase, preventing the transfer of electrons to oxygen.

  6. What does an uncoupling agent like 2,4-dinitrophenol do to the inner membrane?

    Answer: Makes it permeable to protons, dissipating the gradient

    Uncouplers let protons leak back across the membrane, releasing the gradient's energy as heat instead of ATP.

  7. What is the approximate total ATP yield from the complete aerobic oxidation of one glucose molecule?

    Answer: 30-32

    Complete aerobic respiration yields roughly 30-32 ATP per glucose using modern estimates.