DAT DAT - Dental Admission Organic Chemistry: Functional Groups 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which functional group is characteristic of an aldehyde?
- -OH
- -CHO (Correct answer)
- -COOH
- -NH₂
Correct answer: -CHO
Aldehydes contain a terminal carbonyl group (-CHO) where the carbonyl carbon is bonded to at least one hydrogen atom.
Question 2: A compound containing the -NH₂ functional group is classified as:
- An alcohol
- A ketone
- An amine (Correct answer)
- An ester
Correct answer: An amine
The -NH₂ (amino) group is the defining functional group of primary amines.
Question 3: The functional group -COOH is found in which class of organic compounds?
- Esters
- Alcohols
- Carboxylic acids (Correct answer)
- Ethers
Correct answer: Carboxylic acids
The carboxyl group (-COOH) is the defining functional group of carboxylic acids and acts as a weak acid in solution.
Question 4: What type of functional group is present in ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH)?
- Ether
- Amine
- Alcohol (Correct answer)
- Ketone
Correct answer: Alcohol
Ethanol contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon chain, classifying it as a primary alcohol.
Question 5: Esters are formed by the condensation reaction between:
- Two alcohols
- An alcohol and a carboxylic acid (Correct answer)
- An aldehyde and a base
- Two carboxylic acids
Correct answer: An alcohol and a carboxylic acid
Esterification is the condensation reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid, producing an ester and water.
Question 6: Which functional group is present in a ketone?
- -CHO (terminal carbonyl)
- An internal C=O flanked by two carbons (Correct answer)
- -COOH
- -COO-
Correct answer: An internal C=O flanked by two carbons
Ketones contain a carbonyl group (C=O) where the carbonyl carbon is bonded to two other carbon atoms, distinguishing them from aldehydes.
DAT DAT - Dental Admission Organic Chemistry: Functional Groups 1
Which functional group is characteristic of an aldehyde?