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Data Ethics & Privacy Flashcards

7 cards from real DAC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Data Ethics & Privacy flashcards as text

  1. Which U.S. federal law specifically governs the privacy of health information and requires healthcare organizations to implement safeguards for patient data?

    Answer: HIPAA

    HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) sets national standards for protecting sensitive patient health information in the United States.

  2. In data ethics, what does the principle of 'data minimization' require?

    Answer: Collecting only the data necessary for a specified purpose

    Data minimization means organizations should collect only the personal data that is adequate, relevant, and limited to what is necessary for the intended purpose.

  3. Which of the following best describes 'algorithmic bias' in data analytics?

    Answer: Systematic and unfair discrimination in algorithm outputs due to biased training data or design

    Algorithmic bias occurs when an AI or statistical model produces systematically prejudiced results due to biased training data, flawed assumptions, or discriminatory design choices.

  4. A data analyst is publishing a report using a dataset that includes personally identifiable information (PII). Which technique best protects individual privacy while preserving data utility?

    Answer: Anonymization or de-identification of the PII fields

    Anonymization or de-identification removes or masks PII so individuals cannot be identified, allowing the data to be used analytically without exposing personal information.

  5. Under the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), which right allows consumers to request that businesses stop selling their personal information?

    Answer: Right to opt-out

    The CCPA grants California residents the right to opt-out of the sale of their personal information to third parties.

  6. Which ethical framework emphasizes that data analytics decisions should maximize overall benefit to society, even if individual rights may be slightly infringed?

    Answer: Utilitarianism

    Utilitarianism evaluates actions based on their consequences, aiming to produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

  7. What is 'informed consent' in the context of data collection?

    Answer: Ensuring individuals understand and agree to how their data will be collected and used

    Informed consent requires that individuals are clearly told how their data will be collected, used, and shared, and that they voluntarily agree before their data is collected.