DAC DAC Business Intelligence & Analytics Strategy 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is ETL in data analytics?
- Extract, Transform, Load — the process of moving data from sources into a target data store (Correct answer)
- Evaluate, Test, Launch — a software deployment process
- Encrypt, Transfer, Log — a data security protocol
- Estimate, Track, Learn — a project management methodology
Correct answer: Extract, Transform, Load — the process of moving data from sources into a target data store
ETL stands for Extract, Transform, Load — the pipeline process of pulling data from source systems, transforming it for analysis, and loading it into a target data warehouse.
Question 2: Which of the following best describes a data lake?
- A structured relational database for OLTP workloads
- A repository that stores vast amounts of raw data in its native format until needed (Correct answer)
- A visualization layer on top of a data warehouse
- A cache layer for frequently accessed reports
Correct answer: A repository that stores vast amounts of raw data in its native format until needed
A data lake stores large volumes of raw, unstructured, semi-structured, and structured data in its native format, offering flexible schema-on-read capabilities.
Question 3: What is the difference between OLTP and OLAP systems?
- OLTP is used for complex analytical queries; OLAP is used for day-to-day transactions
- OLTP supports high-volume transactional operations; OLAP is optimized for complex analytical and historical queries (Correct answer)
- OLTP uses star schemas; OLAP uses normalized schemas
- There is no meaningful difference between OLTP and OLAP
Correct answer: OLTP supports high-volume transactional operations; OLAP is optimized for complex analytical and historical queries
OLTP (Online Transaction Processing) handles frequent, short operational transactions, while OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) is designed for complex queries over large historical datasets.
Question 4: In a balanced scorecard approach to analytics strategy, which of the following is NOT one of the four perspectives?
- Financial
- Customer
- Internal Business Processes
- Technology Infrastructure (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Technology Infrastructure
The Balanced Scorecard's four perspectives are Financial, Customer, Internal Business Processes, and Learning & Growth — technology infrastructure is not one of the four.
Question 5: What is self-service BI?
- A BI system that requires no human oversight
- An approach allowing business users to access, analyze, and visualize data without relying on IT or data teams (Correct answer)
- Automated report delivery via email
- A single-user license for BI software
Correct answer: An approach allowing business users to access, analyze, and visualize data without relying on IT or data teams
Self-service BI empowers non-technical business users to independently explore data, create reports, and derive insights using intuitive tools without IT dependency.
Question 6: What is data-driven decision making?
- Making decisions based exclusively on gut instinct and experience
- Using analysis of data and metrics to guide business decisions rather than relying solely on intuition (Correct answer)
- Automating all business decisions using AI models
- Collecting as much data as possible regardless of relevance
Correct answer: Using analysis of data and metrics to guide business decisions rather than relying solely on intuition
Data-driven decision making uses analysis of collected data and relevant metrics to inform and validate business decisions, reducing reliance on intuition alone.
DAC DAC Business Intelligence & Analytics Strategy 2
What is ETL in data analytics?