DA Data Ethics and Governance 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which principle of data governance ensures that data is accurate, complete, and consistent across an organization?
- Data Security
- Data Quality (Correct answer)
- Data Lineage
- Data Cataloging
Correct answer: Data Quality
Data Quality is the governance principle focused on ensuring data is accurate, complete, consistent, and fit for its intended purpose.
Question 2: What does the 'right to be forgotten' under GDPR allow individuals to do?
- Access all data held about them
- Correct inaccurate personal data
- Request deletion of their personal data (Correct answer)
- Opt out of automated profiling only
Correct answer: Request deletion of their personal data
The 'right to be forgotten' (Article 17 of GDPR) gives individuals the right to request that organizations delete their personal data under certain conditions.
Question 3: A data analyst discovers that a predictive model produces significantly worse outcomes for one demographic group. This is an example of:
- Overfitting
- Algorithmic bias (Correct answer)
- Data leakage
- Underfitting
Correct answer: Algorithmic bias
Algorithmic bias occurs when a model produces systematically prejudiced results due to flawed assumptions in the training data or model design.
Question 4: Which of the following best describes a data steward's primary responsibility?
- Writing queries to extract data
- Managing the physical database infrastructure
- Ensuring data quality, compliance, and proper usage within a domain (Correct answer)
- Developing machine learning models
Correct answer: Ensuring data quality, compliance, and proper usage within a domain
A data steward is responsible for managing data assets within a business domain, ensuring quality, compliance, and adherence to governance policies.
Question 5: What is data provenance?
- The process of encrypting sensitive data fields
- A record of where data originated and how it has been transformed over time (Correct answer)
- The classification of data by sensitivity level
- A method for deduplicating records in a database
Correct answer: A record of where data originated and how it has been transformed over time
Data provenance tracks the origin, movement, and transformation of data, providing an audit trail of its history.
Question 6: Under HIPAA, which category of information requires the strictest protection?
- Aggregate statistical health reports
- Protected Health Information (PHI) (Correct answer)
- Anonymized patient survey data
- General wellness program metrics
Correct answer: Protected Health Information (PHI)
Protected Health Information (PHI) is individually identifiable health information that HIPAA strictly regulates to protect patient privacy.
Question 7: What is the primary purpose of a data governance framework?
- To optimize query performance in databases
- To establish policies, standards, and accountability for managing data assets (Correct answer)
- To automate data pipeline orchestration
- To define the technical architecture for data storage
Correct answer: To establish policies, standards, and accountability for managing data assets
A data governance framework defines the policies, roles, standards, and processes that ensure data is managed consistently and responsibly across the organization.
DA Data Ethics and Governance 1
Which principle of data governance ensures that data is accurate, complete, and consistent across an organization?