Destructive Testing and Properties Flashcards

What is the primary purpose of a fillet weld break test?

Answer: Evaluate root penetration and internal soundness of fillet welds

The fillet weld break test fractures the weld through its throat to expose the root and internal cross-section for visual examination of fusion and discontinuities.

Which mechanical property is defined as a material's resistance to permanent deformation under load?

Answer: Yield strength

Yield strength is the stress at which a material begins to deform plastically (permanently).

The Rockwell B scale uses a 100 kgf load with which indenter?

Answer: 1/16-inch steel ball

Rockwell B uses a 1/16-inch diameter steel ball indenter with a 100 kgf major load, suitable for softer materials.

An all-weld-metal tension test differs from a transverse weld tension test in that it:

Answer: Tests the mechanical properties of the deposited weld metal alone

An all-weld-metal tension test extracts the specimen entirely from deposited weld metal, isolating its mechanical properties.

When performing a root bend test on a groove weld, the specimen is bent so the:

Answer: Weld root is in tension

In a root bend test, the root of the weld is positioned on the tension (outer) side of the bend to evaluate root fusion and ductility.

Which acid is commonly used in macro-etch testing of carbon and low-alloy steel welds?

Answer: 10% nitric acid (nital) or hydrochloric acid solution

A 10% nitric acid (nital) solution or diluted hydrochloric acid (1:1 HCl and water) are standard etchants for carbon and low-alloy steel macro specimens.

Elongation in a tensile test is a measure of a material's:

Answer: Ductility

Elongation, expressed as a percentage increase in gauge length after fracture, quantifies the ductility of the material.