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Veterinary Pharmacology Flashcards

7 cards from real CVA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Veterinary Pharmacology flashcards as text

  1. Which drug is used to reverse the sedative and analgesic effects of medetomidine or dexmedetomidine in dogs?

    Answer: Atipamezole

    Atipamezole (Antisedan) is a selective alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist that rapidly reverses the effects of medetomidine and dexmedetomidine.

  2. A technician notices a vial labeled 'FOR VETERINARY USE ONLY — NOT FOR HUMAN USE.' This label indicates the drug is:

    Answer: An FDA-approved veterinary product

    FDA-approved veterinary drugs carry labels specifying they are for animal use only, distinguishing them from human-label products used extra-label.

  3. Which route of administration provides the fastest onset of drug action in an emergency situation?

    Answer: Intravenous

    Intravenous administration delivers drugs directly into the bloodstream, providing near-immediate onset of action, critical in emergencies.

  4. Cyclosporine is prescribed to a dog with atopic dermatitis. What is its primary immunologic mechanism?

    Answer: Inhibits T-lymphocyte activation

    Cyclosporine inhibits calcineurin, preventing T-lymphocyte activation and the release of cytokines like IL-2 that drive allergic inflammation.

  5. A rabbit is prescribed enrofloxacin. Which organ system requires special caution when using fluoroquinolones in young, growing animals?

    Answer: Developing cartilage and joints

    Fluoroquinolones can damage articular cartilage in young animals, so they should be used with caution in juvenile patients.

  6. Which electrolyte imbalance is a known adverse effect of prolonged furosemide therapy in dogs?

    Answer: Hypokalemia

    Furosemide promotes potassium excretion in the urine along with sodium and water, leading to hypokalemia with prolonged use.

  7. What does the term 'therapeutic index' refer to in veterinary pharmacology?

    Answer: The ratio between a toxic dose and an effective dose

    The therapeutic index (TI) is the ratio of the toxic dose (TD50) to the effective dose (ED50); a narrow TI means a drug requires careful dose monitoring.