CTO Airspace Structure & Regulations 5 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the required transponder equipment for aircraft operating in Class A airspace?
- Mode A transponder only
- Mode C transponder with encoding altimeter
- Mode S transponder with ADS-B Out (Correct answer)
- No transponder required if on an IFR flight plan
Correct answer: Mode S transponder with ADS-B Out
FAR 91.225 and 91.227 require ADS-B Out capability in Class A airspace, which incorporates Mode S transponder functionality along with GPS-based position reporting.
Question 2: An aircraft is cleared into a Military Operations Area. Who is responsible for separation from military aircraft inside the MOA?
- ATC provides full separation from all traffic
- The pilot is responsible for visual separation only
- ATC provides IFR separation, but VFR pilots must see-and-avoid (Correct answer)
- Military controllers assume full responsibility
Correct answer: ATC provides IFR separation, but VFR pilots must see-and-avoid
ATC separates IFR traffic from known military operations inside active MOAs, but VFR pilots entering a hot MOA must self-separate using visual see-and-avoid.
Question 3: Which airspace classification requires a student pilot to have a logbook endorsement before solo flight?
- Class D only
- Class B only (Correct answer)
- Class B and Class C
- Class B, C, and D
Correct answer: Class B only
FAR 61.95 requires student pilots to have a specific solo logbook endorsement from their instructor before operating within Class B airspace.
Question 4: Alert Areas differ from Restricted Areas primarily because:
- Alert Areas have no hazardous activity
- Pilots may enter Alert Areas without restriction but must exercise caution (Correct answer)
- Alert Areas require an ATC clearance to enter
- Alert Areas are only active at night
Correct answer: Pilots may enter Alert Areas without restriction but must exercise caution
Alert Areas notify pilots of a high volume of pilot training or unusual aerial activity; entry is not restricted, but pilots must be especially vigilant.
Question 5: What is the primary purpose of a TRSA (Terminal Radar Service Area)?
- To provide mandatory radar separation equivalent to Class C
- To offer radar traffic advisories and sequencing on a voluntary basis (Correct answer)
- To define Class D airspace boundaries
- To restrict access to military training areas
Correct answer: To offer radar traffic advisories and sequencing on a voluntary basis
TRSAs provide radar sequencing and separation services for participating IFR aircraft and radar advisories for VFR aircraft on a voluntary, workload-permitting basis.
Question 6: A Notice to Air Missions (NOTAM) for runway closure at a towered airport is categorized as which type?
- FDC NOTAM
- NOTAM (D) (Correct answer)
- Pointer NOTAM
- SAA NOTAM
Correct answer: NOTAM (D)
NOTAM (D) — distant dissemination NOTAMs — are used for time-critical aerodrome information such as runway closures, taxiway closures, and navigational aid outages.
Question 7: What is the maximum indicated airspeed for all aircraft below 10,000 feet MSL within Class E airspace?
- 156 knots
- 200 knots
- 250 knots (Correct answer)
- No limit if VFR
Correct answer: 250 knots
FAR 91.117(a) limits all aircraft to 250 knots indicated airspeed when operating below 10,000 feet MSL, regardless of airspace class.
CTO Airspace Structure & Regulations 5
What is the required transponder equipment for aircraft operating in Class A airspace?