CTA Child Development & Learning Theories 2

Question 1

According to Lev Vygotsky, the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) refers to:

Accepted Answer

The gap between what a child can do alone and with guidance

Answer

The ZPD is the range of tasks a child cannot yet do alone but can accomplish with support from a more knowledgeable other.

Question 2

Which theorist introduced the concept of 'scaffolding' to describe temporary support given to learners?

Accepted Answer

Jerome Bruner

Answer

Jerome Bruner developed the scaffolding concept, describing structured support that is gradually removed as the learner gains competence.

Question 3

In Erikson's stage theory, a preschool child (ages 3–5) faces the psychosocial conflict of:

Accepted Answer

Initiative vs. Guilt

Answer

Children ages 3–5 are in the Initiative vs. Guilt stage, where they begin asserting control and power over their environment.

Question 4

A child who learns to say 'please' after receiving praise is an example of which learning principle?

Accepted Answer

Positive reinforcement

Answer

Positive reinforcement occurs when a behavior is strengthened because it is followed by a desirable outcome, such as praise.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes 'parallel play' in early childhood?

Accepted Answer

Children playing near each other without direct interaction

Answer

Parallel play involves children playing side by side but independently, a common stage before cooperative play develops.

(CTA) Certified Teacher Assistant Practice Test