Industrial Hygiene and Health Hazards Flashcards
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What does a biological exposure index (BEI) measure in occupational health?
Answer: Level of a chemical or its metabolite in a worker's body fluids
BEIs are reference values for biological specimens (urine, blood, exhaled air) that indicate the level of exposure to a chemical or its metabolites in the worker's body.
Under OSHA's Respiratory Protection standard (29 CFR 1910.134), which of the following is required BEFORE an employee uses a respirator?
Answer: Both a medical evaluation and a fit test
OSHA 1910.134 requires both a medical evaluation to ensure the worker can safely wear a respirator and a fit test to verify the respirator seals properly.
Which physical agent hazard is assessed using the WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature) index?
Answer: Heat stress
The WBGT index is used to evaluate heat stress by combining dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, and globe temperature to estimate the heat burden on workers.
What is the primary health risk associated with chronic exposure to crystalline silica dust?
Answer: Silicosis
Chronic exposure to respirable crystalline silica causes silicosis, a fibrotic lung disease, and is also classified as a human carcinogen by IARC.
A safety supervisor must conduct air monitoring for a suspected chemical hazard. What is the FIRST step in that process?
Answer: Identify and characterize the potential hazard
Identifying and characterizing the hazard first ensures the safety supervisor selects the correct sampling strategy, media, and analytical method.
Which OSHA standard specifically regulates occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens in U.S. workplaces?
Answer: 29 CFR 1910.1030
29 CFR 1910.1030 is OSHA's Bloodborne Pathogens standard, which requires exposure control plans, vaccination, PPE, and training for workers exposed to blood or OPIM.