Foundational Concepts & Principles Flashcards
7 cards from real CSR practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Foundational Concepts & Principles flashcards as text
Which of the following best describes 'conflict' in a CAT translation?
Answer: A single steno stroke that maps to more than one English word
A conflict (or homophone conflict) occurs when one steno outline translates to multiple possible words (e.g., 'there,' 'their,' 'they're'), requiring the reporter to resolve it in editing.
What is the role of a 'notary public' designation for court reporters in some US states?
Answer: It authorizes reporters to administer oaths to witnesses
In many states, court reporters hold notary commissions specifically to administer oaths to deponents and witnesses before proceedings.
In a deposition, what does the phrase 'stipulations of counsel' commonly address?
Answer: Agreed procedural rules waiving certain formalities such as reading and signing the transcript
Counsel often stipulate on the record to waive formalities like the witness's right to read and sign the transcript, or to reserve objections until trial.
What does 'CART' stand for in accessibility-related court reporting services?
Answer: Communication Access Realtime Translation
CART (Communication Access Realtime Translation) provides real-time captioning for deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals in classrooms, meetings, and events.
Which type of shorthand theory is based primarily on phonetic principles rather than spelling?
Answer: Pitman shorthand
Pitman shorthand (and most machine steno theories) represent the sounds of speech rather than standard spelling, enabling faster writing.
When a reporter marks an exhibit, the primary purpose is to:
Answer: Create an official record identifying the document for later reference in the transcript
Marking an exhibit assigns it a unique identifier (e.g., Plaintiff's Exhibit 1) so it can be precisely referenced in the certified transcript.
A CSR who simultaneously provides captioning for a live television broadcast is performing what specialized service?
Answer: Closed captioning or broadcast captioning
Broadcast captioning involves a steno reporter writing in real time so captions appear on live TV, a specialized application of real-time steno skills.