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Statistics and Probability Flashcards

6 cards from real CSPA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 6 Statistics and Probability flashcards as text

  1. A customer service representative handled the following number of calls over a five-day work week: 25, 30, 22, 28, and 30. What was the mean number of calls handled per day?

    Answer: 27

    The mean is the sum of all values divided by the number of values. The sum of the calls is 25 + 30 + 22 + 28 + 30 = 135. There are 5 data points (days). The mean is 135 ÷ 5 = 27.

  2. A team consists of 7 members with the following ages: 24, 45, 28, 33, 28, 51, 38. What is the median age of the team members?

    Answer: 33

    The median is the middle value in a data set when it is ordered from least to greatest. First, order the ages: 24, 28, 28, 33, 38, 45, 51. In this set of 7 numbers, the middle value is the 4th one, which is 33.

  3. A quality control inspector checks a batch of 200 light bulbs and finds that 8 are defective. If one light bulb is selected at random from the batch, what is the probability that it is defective?

    Answer: 4%

    Probability is calculated by dividing the number of favorable outcomes (defective bulbs) by the total number of possible outcomes (all bulbs). Here, there are 8 defective bulbs and 200 total bulbs. The probability is 8/200. To express this as a percentage, simplify the fraction to 2/50 or 1/25, which is 0.04. Multiply by 100 to get 4%.

  4. A project manager for an outdoor construction site records the daily high temperatures (in Celsius) for a week. The recorded temperatures were: 15°C, 18°C, 12°C, 21°C, 20°C, 17°C, and 14°C. What is the range of these temperatures?

    Answer: 9°C

    The range is the difference between the highest and lowest values in a data set. The highest temperature recorded is 21°C and the lowest is 12°C. The range is calculated as 21 - 12 = 9°C.

  5. Review the following sales data for a small business: - January: $12,000 - February: $15,000 - March: $14,000 - April: $18,000 Which of the following statements is a correct interpretation of the data?

    Answer: The largest month-over-month sales increase occurred between March and April.

    To find the largest month-over-month increase, calculate the change for each period: Jan to Feb was a $3,000 increase. Feb to Mar was a $1,000 decrease. Mar to Apr was a $4,000 increase. The $4,000 increase between March and April was the largest. The other statements are incorrect.

  6. A company notices that departments that invested more in new computer hardware also reported higher employee productivity. Which of the following is the most reasonable conclusion from this observation?

    Answer: There is a positive correlation between investment in new hardware and employee productivity.

    The observation shows that two variables (hardware investment and productivity) tend to increase together, which defines a positive correlation. However, this does not prove that one caused the other (causation). Other factors could be involved. Stating there is a correlation is the only conclusion directly supported by the data without making unproven assumptions.