CSP CSP Enteral & Parenteral Nutrition Support

Question 1

Which enteral formula type is most appropriate for a premature infant requiring concentrated nutrition due to fluid restriction?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient-enriched preterm formula (24–30 kcal/oz)

Answer

Nutrient-enriched preterm formulas provide higher caloric density and elevated protein, calcium, and phosphorus needed by premature infants under fluid restriction.

Question 2

What is the primary indication for transpyloric (post-pyloric) enteral feeding in a pediatric patient?

Accepted Answer

Severe gastroesophageal reflux with aspiration risk

Answer

Post-pyloric feeding bypasses the stomach and reduces aspiration risk in children with severe GERD or delayed gastric emptying.

Question 3

In pediatric parenteral nutrition, which electrolyte imbalance is most characteristic of refeeding syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Hypophosphatemia

Answer

Refeeding syndrome is characterized by severe hypophosphatemia as glucose shifts phosphate intracellularly during anabolism.

Question 4

What is the recommended maximum dextrose infusion rate (mg/kg/min) when initiating parenteral nutrition in a stable term neonate?

Accepted Answer

6–8 mg/kg/min

Answer

Starting dextrose at 6–8 mg/kg/min for term neonates matches hepatic glucose oxidation capacity and avoids hyperglycemia.

Question 5

Which complication is specifically associated with long-term parenteral nutrition use in pediatric patients?

Accepted Answer

Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD)

Answer

IFALD (formerly PN-associated liver disease) occurs due to phytosterols in soy-based lipid emulsions, lack of enteral stimulation, and sepsis in children on long-term PN.

(CSP) Certified Specialist in Pediatric Nutrition Practice Test

(CSP) Certified Specialist in Pediatric Nutrition Practice Test

CSP CSP Enteral & Parenteral Nutrition Support