Pharmacoeconomics & Reimbursement Flashcards
7 cards from real CSP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning โ missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pharmacoeconomics & Reimbursement flashcards as text
Specialty drug A costs $60,000 more than drug B and yields 1.5 additional QALYs. What is the ICER of A versus B?
Answer: $40,000 per QALY
ICER = incremental cost / incremental effect = $60,000 / 1.5 QALYs = $40,000 per QALY.
Two biosimilar products have demonstrated equivalent efficacy and safety. Which pharmacoeconomic analysis is most appropriate to choose between them?
Answer: Cost-minimization analysis
When outcomes are proven equivalent, only costs need comparison, so cost-minimization analysis applies.
A health system values both the costs of a hepatitis C program and the avoided liver transplants in dollars. Which analysis is this?
Answer: Cost-benefit analysis
Cost-benefit analysis expresses both inputs and outcomes in monetary units, allowing a net benefit or benefit-to-cost ratio.
A new therapy is both less costly and more effective than the current standard. How is it described on the cost-effectiveness plane?
Answer: Dominant
An option that costs less and produces better outcomes dominates the comparator, so no ICER needs calculating.
A 10-year model of a gene therapy reduces the present value of future costs and health outcomes, commonly at 3% per year. What is this practice called?
Answer: Discounting
Discounting reflects time preference by converting future costs and outcomes to present value, typically at about 3% annually in US analyses.
A modeler draws all input parameters at once from probability distributions over 10,000 Monte Carlo iterations. Which technique is this?
Answer: Probabilistic sensitivity analysis
Probabilistic sensitivity analysis varies all uncertain parameters at once using distributions and often produces cost-effectiveness acceptability curves.
What is the main purpose of a budget impact analysis that a health plan requests before adding a new specialty drug?
Answer: Estimate the financial effect of adoption on that plan's budget over a short time horizon
Budget impact analysis estimates the affordability of adopting a therapy for a specific payer population, usually over 1 to 5 years.