CSN Hydration & Fluid Balance 3

Question 1

An athlete training in hot and humid environmental conditions will typically need to adjust their hydration strategy primarily because:

Accepted Answer

High humidity increases sweat rates substantially, raising fluid and electrolyte losses

Answer

Heat reduces appetite, decreasing total fluid intake needs

Answer

Hot conditions slow gastric emptying, requiring reduced fluid intake

Answer

Humidity decreases the sensation of thirst, so athletes naturally drink less

Question 2

Glycerol hyperhydration was previously used by some athletes before competition to expand plasma volume. Why is glycerol now prohibited by WADA?

Accepted Answer

It is classified as a plasma expander and can mask blood doping

Answer

It causes unsafe increases in blood pressure

Answer

It elevates serum sodium to dangerous levels

Answer

It interferes with urine drug testing procedures

Question 3

Altitude exposure increases an athlete's fluid requirements primarily due to:

Accepted Answer

Greater respiratory water loss from increased ventilation and lower humidity at altitude

Answer

Increased metabolic rate causing greater caloric and fluid demand

Answer

Altitude-induced reduction in antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion

Answer

Cold temperatures suppressing thirst despite high fluid needs

Question 4

A certified sports nutritionist advising a marathon runner about hyponatremia prevention should recommend all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Drinking plain water at every aid station to stay fully hydrated

Answer

Drinking to thirst rather than on a fixed schedule

Answer

Consuming sodium-containing foods or beverages during the race

Answer

Monitoring body weight changes during training runs to estimate sweat rate

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in fluid balance regulation during exercise?

Accepted Answer

ADH is released in response to rising plasma osmolality or falling blood volume, signaling the kidneys to retain water

Answer

ADH is suppressed during exercise to allow rapid fluid excretion

Answer

ADH promotes sweat gland activation to cool the body

Answer

ADH stimulates sodium excretion to balance fluid intake

Question 6

For an athlete who must rehydrate rapidly within 4 hours of competition (e.g., between two daily events), which strategy is most effective?

Accepted Answer

Consume sodium-rich foods and beverages (500–700 mg sodium per L) totaling 125–150% of fluid losses

Answer

Rest and consume plain water ad libitum

Answer

Use intravenous saline if oral intake seems insufficient

Answer

Avoid solid food and drink only electrolyte tablets dissolved in water

Question 7

Which factor has the LEAST influence on an individual athlete's sweat rate during exercise?

Accepted Answer

The athlete's blood type

Answer

Ambient temperature and humidity

Answer

Exercise intensity and duration

Answer

Body size and fitness level