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CSMLS Urinalysis and Body Fluids Flashcards

6 cards from real CSMLS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. What is the normal specific gravity range of urine in a healthy adult?

    Answer: 1.001–1.035

    Normal urine specific gravity ranges from 1.001 to 1.035, reflecting the kidney's ability to concentrate or dilute urine.

  2. Bilirubin in urine is detected by the reagent strip and indicates:

    Answer: Liver disease or bile duct obstruction

    Bilirubinuria results from elevated conjugated (direct) bilirubin in the blood, which is filtered by the kidney in liver disease or obstructive jaundice.

  3. The presence of nitrite on a urine dipstick suggests:

    Answer: Bacterial urinary tract infection

    Nitrite is produced when certain bacteria (e.g., Gram-negative rods) reduce dietary nitrate, indicating a likely bacterial UTI.

  4. Hyaline casts in urine are composed mainly of:

    Answer: Tamm-Horsfall protein

    Hyaline casts are formed from Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein secreted by renal tubular cells and can be present in low numbers in normal urine.

  5. A urine pH of 5.0 would be considered:

    Answer: Acidic

    A urine pH of 5.0 is acidic; normal urine pH ranges from 4.5 to 8.0, with values below 7.0 being acidic.

  6. Oval fat bodies seen in urine microscopy are associated with:

    Answer: Nephrotic syndrome

    Oval fat bodies are renal tubular cells or macrophages containing absorbed lipids and are characteristic of nephrotic syndrome.