CSMLS Urinalysis and Body Fluids Flashcards
6 cards from real CSMLS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 CSMLS Urinalysis and Body Fluids flashcards as text
Red blood cell casts in urine sediment are pathognomonic of:
Answer: Glomerulonephritis
RBC casts form when erythrocytes enter the tubular lumen through damaged glomeruli and are diagnostic of glomerulonephritis.
Amniotic fluid bilirubin (delta OD450) measured by spectrophotometry is used to assess:
Answer: Severity of fetal hemolytic disease
Elevated bilirubin in amniotic fluid indicates fetal hemolysis and is measured spectrophotometrically at 450 nm to assess severity of hemolytic disease of the newborn.
The lecithin-to-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio in amniotic fluid is used to assess:
Answer: Fetal lung maturity
An L/S ratio ≥2.0 indicates fetal lung maturity and a reduced risk of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.
In peritoneal (ascitic) fluid analysis, a serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) ≥11 g/L indicates:
Answer: Portal hypertension
A SAAG ≥11 g/L indicates portal hypertension (e.g., cirrhosis), reflecting increased hydrostatic pressure as the cause of ascites.
Which urine crystal is associated with alkaptonuria and turns dark upon standing?
Answer: Homogentisic acid crystals
Homogentisic acid accumulates in alkaptonuria and oxidizes to a dark brown pigment (alkapton) when urine is exposed to air.
The normal white blood cell count in cerebrospinal fluid is:
Answer: 0–5 cells/µL
Normal CSF contains 0–5 white blood cells per µL (predominantly lymphocytes); higher counts indicate inflammation or infection.