CSC Multicultural Counseling & Diversity 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which framework describes the components of multicultural counseling competence as awareness, knowledge, and skills?
- The RESPECTFUL model
- Sue & Sue's tripartite model (Correct answer)
- Bronfenbrenner's ecological model
- Holland's typology
Correct answer: Sue & Sue's tripartite model
Sue and Sue's tripartite model organizes multicultural counseling competence into three domains: self-awareness, knowledge of diverse groups, and culturally appropriate skills.
Question 2: A school counselor notices that Latino students are underrepresented in gifted programs despite strong academic performance. This pattern most likely reflects which issue?
- Lack of parental involvement
- Systemic bias in referral and identification processes (Correct answer)
- Lower intrinsic motivation among Latino students
- Inadequate ESL support
Correct answer: Systemic bias in referral and identification processes
Underrepresentation of culturally diverse students in gifted programs often stems from systemic bias in how students are referred and assessed, not student ability or motivation.
Question 3: Cultural humility differs from cultural competence primarily because cultural humility:
- Requires mastery of facts about specific cultural groups
- Is a fixed endpoint achieved through training
- Emphasizes ongoing self-reflection and acknowledging power imbalances (Correct answer)
- Focuses on matching counselors and clients by ethnicity
Correct answer: Emphasizes ongoing self-reflection and acknowledging power imbalances
Cultural humility is a lifelong process centered on self-reflection, critique of one's own biases, and recognizing power dynamics, rather than achieving a static level of cultural knowledge.
Question 4: A school counselor is working with a recently immigrated student who appears withdrawn. The counselor's best first step is to:
- Refer the student immediately for psychological testing
- Explore the student's acculturation experience and cultural context (Correct answer)
- Contact immigration authorities if documentation is unknown
- Assign the student to a social skills group
Correct answer: Explore the student's acculturation experience and cultural context
Understanding the student's acculturation experience and cultural background provides essential context before making referrals or interventions.
Question 5: Which racial identity development model by William Cross describes stages African Americans move through in developing a positive Black identity?
- Helms' White Identity Model
- Nigrescence Model (Correct answer)
- Atkinson, Morten & Sue's MID Model
- Berry's Acculturation Framework
Correct answer: Nigrescence Model
William Cross developed the Nigrescence Model (also called the Negro-to-Black conversion experience) to describe how African Americans develop a positive racial identity through stages including pre-encounter, encounter, immersion, and internalization.
Question 6: A school counselor who makes assumptions about a student's career goals based solely on the student's cultural background is exhibiting:
- Cultural responsiveness
- Countertransference only
- Stereotyping and cultural bias (Correct answer)
- Appropriate norm-referencing
Correct answer: Stereotyping and cultural bias
Assuming career goals based on cultural background alone constitutes stereotyping, which undermines individualized, culturally responsive counseling.
Question 7: Microaggressions in a school setting are best described as:
- Overtly hostile acts of discrimination
- Subtle, often unintentional messages that communicate denigrating or marginalizing ideas toward minority groups (Correct answer)
- Physical bullying between students of different races
- Formal disciplinary actions with racial disparities
Correct answer: Subtle, often unintentional messages that communicate denigrating or marginalizing ideas toward minority groups
Microaggressions are brief, commonplace exchanges that send denigrating messages to members of marginalized groups, often without the perpetrator's conscious intent.
CSC Multicultural Counseling & Diversity 1
Which framework describes the components of multicultural counseling competence as awareness, knowledge, and skills?