CSC Congenital Heart Disease Surgery

Question 1

What are the four components of Tetralogy of Fallot?

Accepted Answer

Ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy

Answer

Atrial septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, and left ventricular hypertrophy

Answer

Ventricular septal defect, aortic stenosis, overriding pulmonary artery, and right ventricular hypertrophy

Answer

Ventricular septal defect, pulmonary atresia, transposed great arteries, and right ventricular hypertrophy

Question 2

The definitive repair for Tetralogy of Fallot involves which two key components?

Accepted Answer

VSD patch closure and right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction

Answer

Blalock-Taussig shunt creation and atrial septectomy

Answer

Arterial switch operation and coronary transfer

Answer

Pulmonary artery banding and atrial baffle creation

Question 3

The classic Blalock-Taussig (BT) shunt anastomoses which two structures?

Accepted Answer

Subclavian artery to ipsilateral pulmonary artery

Answer

Ascending aorta to main pulmonary artery

Answer

Superior vena cava to right pulmonary artery

Answer

Right ventricle to pulmonary artery via a conduit

Question 4

Which anatomical feature distinguishes a secundum ASD from a primum ASD?

Accepted Answer

Secundum ASD occurs in the fossa ovalis; primum ASD is in the inferior septum adjacent to the AV valves

Answer

Secundum ASD is in the inferior atrial septum; primum ASD is in the fossa ovalis

Answer

Secundum ASD involves the coronary sinus; primum ASD involves the superior vena cava

Answer

Secundum ASD is always associated with a VSD; primum ASD is always isolated

Question 5

What is the primary hemodynamic indication for surgical closure of a ventricular septal defect (VSD)?

Accepted Answer

Qp:Qs ratio greater than 1.5:1 with symptoms or evidence of volume overload

Answer

Presence of any audible murmur regardless of shunt size

Answer

Detection of VSD in any newborn before 6 months of age

Answer

VSD diameter exceeding 3 mm on echocardiography

Question 6

The arterial switch operation (Jatene procedure) is the definitive repair for which congenital defect?

Accepted Answer

D-transposition of the great arteries

Answer

Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia

Answer

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Answer

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection

Question 7

During the Norwood Stage I procedure for hypoplastic left heart syndrome, which key anastomosis creates unobstructed systemic outflow?

Accepted Answer

Damus-Kaye-Stansel anastomosis connecting the proximal pulmonary artery to the aorta

Answer

Superior vena cava to right pulmonary artery (Glenn anastomosis)

Answer

Fontan tunnel connecting the inferior vena cava to the pulmonary artery

Answer

Blalock-Taussig shunt from the innominate artery to the pulmonary artery