CRS Substance Abuse Knowledge 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) result from prenatal exposure to which substance?
- Heroin
- Alcohol (Correct answer)
- Cocaine
- Methamphetamine
Correct answer: Alcohol
Alcohol is a teratogen that crosses the placenta and can cause FASD, including fetal alcohol syndrome, the leading preventable cause of intellectual disability.
Question 2: Which of the following best describes 'polysubstance use'?
- Using one substance exclusively
- Using a substance in combination with prescription medication only
- Using two or more substances simultaneously or within the same period (Correct answer)
- Switching from one substance to another over time
Correct answer: Using two or more substances simultaneously or within the same period
Polysubstance use involves using two or more substances at the same time or within the same period, increasing risks for overdose and complications.
Question 3: The CRAFFT screening tool is specifically designed to assess substance use in which population?
- Older adults
- Pregnant women
- Adolescents (Correct answer)
- Veterans
Correct answer: Adolescents
The CRAFFT is a validated brief screening tool developed specifically for adolescents to identify problematic substance use and related risk behaviors.
Question 4: A client using methamphetamine is most likely to experience which of the following during intoxication?
- Slowed heart rate and drowsiness
- Increased energy, decreased appetite, and elevated heart rate (Correct answer)
- Euphoria followed by sedation
- Hallucinations without increased energy
Correct answer: Increased energy, decreased appetite, and elevated heart rate
Methamphetamine is a powerful stimulant that causes increased energy, suppressed appetite, elevated heart rate, and heightened alertness during intoxication.
Question 5: Which term describes the phenomenon where abstinence from one substance reduces tolerance to another substance in the same class?
- Cross-tolerance
- Reverse tolerance
- Cross-dependence (Correct answer)
- Sensitization
Correct answer: Cross-dependence
Cross-dependence occurs when physical dependence on one substance can be suppressed by another substance in the same pharmacological class.
Question 6: Naloxone (Narcan) reverses an opioid overdose by:
- Metabolizing opioids in the bloodstream
- Stimulating dopamine release to counteract sedation
- Competitively binding to opioid receptors and displacing opioids (Correct answer)
- Raising blood pressure to restore consciousness
Correct answer: Competitively binding to opioid receptors and displacing opioids
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that rapidly displaces opioids from receptors, reversing respiratory depression and other overdose effects.
Question 7: Which of the following is NOT a recognized gateway theory concept in substance use progression?
- Earlier onset of use increases risk of later disorders
- Alcohol and cannabis are often used before harder substances
- Using legal substances always leads to illegal substance use (Correct answer)
- Social environment influences substance use progression
Correct answer: Using legal substances always leads to illegal substance use
The gateway theory does not assert that using legal substances always leads to illegal substance use; it identifies statistical associations and risk factors, not inevitability.
CRS Substance Abuse Knowledge 3
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) result from prenatal exposure to which substance?