CRS Research Design & Methodology 4

Question 1

A researcher controls for socioeconomic status by separately analyzing high-SES and low-SES participants. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Blocking

Answer

Blocking involves grouping participants by a potential confound and analyzing each block separately to control its effect.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes a retrospective research design?

Accepted Answer

Data about past events are collected from participants in the present

Answer

Retrospective designs collect data about past events or exposures that have already occurred, relying on recall or existing records.

Question 3

In experimental design, the variable that is measured as the outcome is called the:

Accepted Answer

Dependent variable

Answer

The dependent variable is the outcome or response variable that researchers measure to assess the effect of the independent variable.

Question 4

A study finds a Pearson r = 0.85 between hours studied and exam scores. What can be concluded?

Accepted Answer

There is a strong positive association between the two variables

Answer

A correlation coefficient indicates the strength and direction of association, not causation or specific score changes.

Question 5

Which sampling method divides the population into subgroups and randomly samples from each subgroup proportionally?

Accepted Answer

Stratified random sampling

Answer

Stratified random sampling divides the population into strata (subgroups) and draws random samples from each to ensure representation.

(CRS) Certified Research Specialist Practice Test