Blood Component Transfusion Flashcards

What is the primary purpose of a leukocyte reduction filter during blood transfusion?

Answer: To reduce the risk of febrile reactions and CMV transmission

Leukocyte reduction filters remove donor white blood cells, significantly reducing febrile non-hemolytic reactions and cytomegalovirus transmission risk.

During massive transfusion protocol activation, which electrolyte imbalance is MOST likely to develop?

Answer: Hypocalcemia

Hypocalcemia develops during massive transfusion because citrate in stored blood products binds ionized calcium, reducing the patient's circulating calcium levels.

What gauge IV catheter is the MINIMUM recommended size for adult blood transfusion?

Answer: 20 gauge

A 20-gauge catheter is the minimum recommended size for routine adult blood transfusion, though 18-gauge is preferred for rapid infusion needs.

A patient develops hypotension, dyspnea, and bilateral pulmonary infiltrates within 6 hours of transfusion. Which complication should the nurse suspect?

Answer: Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)

TRALI presents with acute respiratory distress, hypotension, and bilateral pulmonary infiltrates within 6 hours of transfusion, distinguishing it from circulatory overload.

When verifying blood product identification at the bedside, how many licensed personnel must participate?

Answer: Two licensed personnel

Two licensed personnel must independently verify blood product identification at the bedside to ensure the correct product is administered to the correct patient.

What is the appropriate nursing action if a blood transfusion bag has been at room temperature for 35 minutes before infusion can begin?

Answer: Begin the transfusion immediately

Since the unit has been out of refrigeration for less than the allowable window, the transfusion should be started immediately to ensure completion within the 4-hour limit.