Blood Component Transfusion Flashcards
7 cards from real CRNI practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Blood Component Transfusion flashcards as text
A patient with IgA deficiency requires a transfusion. Which blood product modification is most appropriate to prevent anaphylactic reaction?
Answer: Washed red blood cells
Washed red blood cells remove plasma proteins including IgA, preventing anaphylaxis in IgA-deficient patients who have anti-IgA antibodies.
During a platelet transfusion, the patient develops rigors, fever of 38.9°C (102°F), and hypotension. What is the most likely cause?
Answer: Septic transfusion reaction
Hypotension combined with high fever and rigors during platelet transfusion is a hallmark of septic transfusion reaction, as platelets are stored at room temperature and are prone to bacterial contamination.
A nurse is preparing to administer FFP. The FFP has been thawed for 26 hours. What action should the nurse take?
Answer: Discard it and request a new unit
Thawed FFP must be transfused within 24 hours; after 26 hours it should be discarded as labile coagulation factors V and VIII significantly degrade.
Which of the following is the correct maximum infusion time for a single unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to minimize risk of bacterial proliferation?
Answer: 4 hours
Each unit of PRBCs must be infused within 4 hours of being removed from temperature-controlled storage to prevent bacterial proliferation.
A patient receives a massive transfusion (>10 units PRBCs in 24 hours). Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly anticipated?
Answer: Hypocalcemia
Citrate used as a preservative in banked blood chelates calcium, causing hypocalcemia during massive transfusion, especially when the liver cannot metabolize citrate fast enough.
A post-bone marrow transplant patient needs a transfusion. Which blood product modification is essential to prevent transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GvHD)?
Answer: Irradiated blood products
Irradiation inactivates donor T-lymphocytes, preventing them from engrafting and attacking the immunocompromised recipient's tissues (TA-GvHD).
A patient's type and screen shows blood type B negative. Which blood type is universally acceptable for emergency red cell transfusion when B negative is unavailable?
Answer: O negative
O negative is the universal donor for red blood cells because it lacks A, B, and Rh(D) antigens, making it compatible with any recipient in emergencies.