Criminal Justice Criminal Justice Law and Constitution 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which constitutional amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures?
- Second Amendment
- Fourth Amendment (Correct answer)
- Fifth Amendment
- Eighth Amendment
Correct answer: Fourth Amendment
The Fourth Amendment protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures by government officials.
Question 2: What landmark Supreme Court case established the exclusionary rule applies to state courts?
- Miranda v. Arizona
- Mapp v. Ohio (Correct answer)
- Gideon v. Wainwright
- Terry v. Ohio
Correct answer: Mapp v. Ohio
Mapp v. Ohio (1961) applied the exclusionary rule to state courts, making illegally obtained evidence inadmissible.
Question 3: Miranda warnings must be given to a suspect before which action?
- Arrest
- Booking
- Custodial interrogation (Correct answer)
- Trial
Correct answer: Custodial interrogation
Miranda warnings are required before custodial interrogation to inform suspects of their Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights.
Question 4: Which constitutional protection prevents someone from being tried twice for the same crime?
- Due process
- Double jeopardy (Correct answer)
- Habeas corpus
- Equal protection
Correct answer: Double jeopardy
The Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment prevents a person from being prosecuted twice for the same offense.
Question 5: Which Supreme Court case established the right to counsel for indigent defendants in felony cases?
- Powell v. Alabama
- Gideon v. Wainwright (Correct answer)
- Escobedo v. Illinois
- Brady v. Maryland
Correct answer: Gideon v. Wainwright
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) ruled that states must provide attorneys to defendants who cannot afford one in felony cases.
Question 6: What is the standard of proof required for a criminal conviction in the United States?
- Preponderance of evidence
- Clear and convincing evidence
- Beyond a reasonable doubt (Correct answer)
- Probable cause
Correct answer: Beyond a reasonable doubt
Criminal convictions require proof beyond a reasonable doubt, the highest standard of proof in the legal system.
Criminal Justice Criminal Justice Law and Constitution 1
Which constitutional amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures?