CRE Quality Control Procedures 5

Question 1

What is the Consumer's Risk (Beta risk) in acceptance sampling?

Accepted Answer

The probability of accepting a lot at the Lot Tolerance Percent Defective (LTPD) quality level

Answer

The probability of rejecting a good lot at the AQL quality level

Answer

The cost incurred when defective items reach the customer

Answer

The inspection error rate caused by fatigue during 100% inspection

Question 2

Which technique is used to quantitatively assess how much each factor and interaction contributes to variation in a DOE?

Accepted Answer

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

Answer

Regression analysis only

Answer

Pareto analysis of attribute data

Answer

Normal probability plotting of residuals

Question 3

A process produces 50 defects in 1,000 units inspected. What is the Defects Per Unit (DPU)?

Accepted Answer

0.05

Answer

0.5

Answer

5.0

Answer

50.0

Question 4

What distinguishes 'tightened inspection' from 'normal inspection' in ANSI/ASQ Z1.4?

Accepted Answer

Tightened inspection uses a smaller acceptance number for the same sample size, applied after poor lot quality history

Answer

Tightened inspection requires 100% inspection of every lot submitted

Answer

Tightened inspection increases the sample size while keeping acceptance numbers constant

Answer

Tightened inspection is applied only to critical characteristics, not major or minor

Question 5

In measurement system analysis, what does 'bias' refer to?

Accepted Answer

The systematic difference between the observed average measurement and the reference (true) value

Answer

The variation in measurements made by different operators

Answer

The inability to reproduce the same reading on consecutive measurements

Answer

The drift in a measurement instrument over time

Question 6

A Dodge-Romig sampling plan is designed to minimize:

Accepted Answer

Total inspection cost (sample + rectifying inspection) for a given AOQL or LTPD

Answer

The producer's risk at the AQL quality level

Answer

The number of lots submitted before acceptance

Answer

The between-lot variation in attribute data

Question 7

Which quality control concept states that 80% of defects typically come from 20% of causes?

Accepted Answer

Pareto Principle

Answer

Central Limit Theorem

Answer

Law of Large Numbers

Answer

Taguchi Loss Function