CRE Research & Evidence-Based Practice Flashcards
6 cards from real CRE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 CRE Research & Evidence-Based Practice flashcards as text
A 95% confidence interval in a clinical study represents:
Answer: The range within which the true population value likely falls
A 95% confidence interval indicates the range within which the true population parameter would fall in 95 of 100 repeated experiments.
The primary purpose of a control group in a randomized clinical trial is to:
Answer: Provide a comparison baseline for the experimental intervention
The control group receives no intervention or standard care, providing the baseline needed to determine whether the experimental treatment causes observed changes.
'Number needed to treat' (NNT) in clinical research describes:
Answer: How many patients must be treated for one additional patient to benefit
NNT is calculated as the inverse of absolute risk reduction and tells clinicians how many patients must receive treatment for one to gain benefit.
In spirometry, an FEV1/FVC ratio below which threshold confirms the presence of airflow obstruction?
Answer: 0.70
A post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio below 0.70 is the GOLD-defined diagnostic criterion for airflow obstruction in COPD.
Which type of bias occurs when participants who drop out of a study differ systematically from those who complete it?
Answer: Attrition bias
Attrition bias arises when dropout is non-random and the characteristics of completers differ from non-completers, distorting study results.
A meta-analysis synthesizes data from multiple studies primarily to:
Answer: Increase statistical power and precision of effect estimates
Meta-analysis pools individual study results to increase total sample size and statistical power, yielding more precise estimates of treatment effects.