CRE Pharmacology & Medications Flashcards
6 cards from real CRE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 CRE Pharmacology & Medications flashcards as text
A patient on warfarin develops an elevated INR after starting a new respiratory medication. Which drug most likely caused this interaction?
Answer: Theophylline
Theophylline inhibits hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in warfarin metabolism, leading to elevated INR and bleeding risk.
What is the accepted therapeutic serum concentration range for theophylline?
Answer: 10–20 mcg/mL
The therapeutic window for theophylline is 10–20 mcg/mL; levels above this significantly increase the risk of toxicity including seizures and arrhythmias.
For a young child unable to coordinate inhalation with MDI actuation, the most appropriate device is:
Answer: MDI with valved holding chamber and face mask
An MDI with a valved holding chamber and pediatric face mask allows passive drug inhalation, eliminating the coordination requirement for young children.
Current guidelines recommend systemic corticosteroids for COPD exacerbations be prescribed for how long?
Answer: 5–7 days
GOLD guidelines recommend a 5–7 day course of oral corticosteroids for COPD exacerbations, as longer courses add side effects without additional benefit.
Roflumilast, a PDE-4 inhibitor, is indicated in COPD primarily to:
Answer: Reduce exacerbation frequency in severe disease
Roflumilast is an oral anti-inflammatory agent indicated to reduce exacerbation risk in patients with severe COPD and chronic bronchitis phenotype.
Which cystic fibrosis medication works by correcting the underlying CFTR protein defect rather than treating symptoms?
Answer: Ivacaftor/lumacaftor (Orkambi)
CFTR modulators like ivacaftor/lumacaftor correct or potentiate the defective CFTR protein, addressing the root molecular cause of cystic fibrosis.