CRC Counseling Theory 4

Question 1

In behavioral therapy, 'negative reinforcement' involves:

Accepted Answer

Removing an aversive stimulus to increase a behavior

Answer

Negative reinforcement increases a behavior by removing or avoiding an aversive stimulus, such as taking pain medication to remove pain, thereby reinforcing medication-taking behavior.

Question 2

A CRC counselor using a narrative therapy approach would most likely:

Accepted Answer

Help the client re-author their life story by externalizing the problem

Answer

Narrative therapy (White and Epston) externalizes problems—treating them as separate from the person—and helps clients re-author their dominant life story to create preferred alternative narratives.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes 'countertransference' in the therapeutic relationship?

Accepted Answer

The therapist's emotional reactions to the client influenced by the therapist's own history

Answer

Countertransference refers to the therapist's emotional reactions to a client that are shaped by the therapist's own unresolved issues, and must be managed to avoid interfering with treatment.

Question 4

Bowen's family systems theory proposes that 'differentiation of self' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The ability to maintain a clear sense of self while remaining emotionally connected to others

Answer

Bowen described differentiation of self as the capacity to remain emotionally connected to family while maintaining a distinct identity, avoiding both fusion and emotional cutoff.

Question 5

In acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), 'psychological flexibility' is achieved through:

Accepted Answer

Accepting difficult experiences while committing to values-based action

Answer

ACT (Hayes) defines psychological flexibility as the ability to contact the present moment fully and, based on the situation, to change or persist in behavior in service of chosen values.

Certified Rehabilitation Counselor Test Practice Test

Certified Rehabilitation Counselor Test Practice Test

CRC Counseling Theory 4