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Quantitative & Qualitative Methods Flashcards

7 cards from real CRA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Quantitative & Qualitative Methods flashcards as text

  1. A researcher finds a correlation of r = -0.82 between two variables. This indicates:

    Answer: A strong negative relationship

    A correlation of -0.82 indicates a strong negative relationship, meaning as one variable increases, the other tends to decrease substantially.

  2. In content analysis, the unit of analysis is best described as:

    Answer: The specific element of content that is categorized and counted

    The unit of analysis is the discrete element—such as a word, phrase, sentence, or image—that is coded and analyzed in content analysis.

  3. Which of the following best describes the concept of 'saturation' in qualitative research?

    Answer: When additional data collection no longer yields new themes or insights

    Saturation occurs when new data collection and analysis stop producing new codes, themes, or insights, signaling sufficient data for the study's purposes.

  4. A one-tailed hypothesis test is used when the researcher:

    Answer: Expects the effect to be in only one direction

    A one-tailed test is appropriate when theory or prior evidence specifies the expected direction of the effect (e.g., Group A > Group B).

  5. Which qualitative research tradition focuses specifically on describing the lived experiences of individuals as they consciously experience a phenomenon?

    Answer: Phenomenology

    Phenomenology seeks to understand the essence and meaning of human experience from the perspective of those who live it, bracketing researcher assumptions.

  6. In regression analysis, multicollinearity refers to:

    Answer: High correlation among predictor variables, making it difficult to isolate their individual effects

    Multicollinearity occurs when two or more predictors are highly correlated, inflating standard errors and making coefficient estimates unstable.

  7. Stratified random sampling improves upon simple random sampling by:

    Answer: Ensuring proportional representation of key subgroups within the sample

    Stratified random sampling divides the population into subgroups (strata) and randomly samples from each, ensuring adequate representation of important segments.