(CQE) Course Flashcards

In Six Sigma, the DMAIC roadmap is applied to:

Answer: Improve existing processes by reducing defects

DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) is a data-driven methodology for improving existing processes and reducing defect rates.

Which hypothesis test is appropriate for comparing the means of two independent groups when population variances are unknown and assumed unequal?

Answer: Welch's t-test

Welch's t-test (unequal variance t-test) compares two independent group means without assuming equal variances.

A Pareto chart helps a quality engineer to:

Answer: Identify the vital few causes that account for most of the problems

A Pareto chart ranks defect categories by frequency and cumulative percentage, revealing the 'vital few' causes that drive the majority of problems.

When a control chart shows a run of 8 consecutive points on the same side of the centerline, this indicates:

Answer: A special cause that should be investigated

A run of 8 or more consecutive points on one side of the centerline is a non-random pattern that signals a special (assignable) cause.

Which element is NOT typically included in a Quality Management System (QMS) document hierarchy?

Answer: Marketing strategy

A QMS document hierarchy consists of the quality policy, quality manual, procedures, and work instructions; marketing strategy is a business document outside the QMS scope.

In reliability testing, an accelerated life test is used to:

Answer: Shorten test duration by applying elevated stress conditions

Accelerated life testing applies higher stress levels (temperature, voltage, vibration) to compress product lifetime into a shorter test window and predict field reliability.

A corrective action system is most effective when it includes which of the following as a final step?

Answer: Verifying that the corrective action prevented recurrence

Verification of effectiveness confirms that the root cause was eliminated and the problem has not recurred, closing the corrective action loop.