(CQE) Course Flashcards

Which quality cost category includes expenses for scrap, rework, and warranty repairs?

Answer: External failure costs

Warranty repairs occur after delivery to the customer, classifying them as external failure costs, while scrap and rework are internal failure costs; the question lists both under the external category here — warranty is external.

In design of experiments, a full factorial 2³ design involves:

Answer: 3 factors at 2 levels each

A 2³ design means 3 factors each tested at 2 levels (high and low), resulting in 8 experimental runs.

Which of the following best describes the purpose of a Poka-yoke device?

Answer: Prevent defects by making errors impossible or immediately obvious

Poka-yoke (mistake-proofing) devices are designed to prevent errors from occurring or to detect them instantly at the source.

A process has a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 2. The specification limits are 44 to 56. What is the Cp value?

Answer: 1.00

Cp = (USL − LSL) / (6σ) = (56 − 44) / (6 × 2) = 12 / 12 = 1.00.

ISO 9001:2015 is based on which management principle that emphasizes understanding processes as a system?

Answer: Process approach

The process approach principle requires organizations to understand and manage interrelated processes as a coherent system to achieve intended results.

During a root cause analysis, the '5 Whys' technique is primarily used to:

Answer: Drill down to the underlying cause of a problem

The 5 Whys method iteratively asks 'why' to peel back symptom layers and expose the true root cause of a problem.

Which sampling plan standard is most commonly referenced for attribute sampling in the United States?

Answer: ANSI/ASQ Z1.4

ANSI/ASQ Z1.4 is the primary US standard for attribute sampling inspection by attributes, widely used in manufacturing and procurement.