CPSS Injury Prevention and Movement Screening 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What does an asymmetry index (AI) greater than 10–15% in a unilateral strength test typically indicate for a sport scientist?
- The athlete is performing optimally on both sides
- A clinically relevant between-limb asymmetry that may increase injury risk and impair performance (Correct answer)
- The test equipment is miscalibrated
- Normal variation requiring no action
Correct answer: A clinically relevant between-limb asymmetry that may increase injury risk and impair performance
Inter-limb asymmetries exceeding 10–15% have been linked to elevated injury risk and reduced performance in strength and power tests, warranting targeted corrective programming.
Question 2: Which type of stretching has been shown to have the greatest benefit for injury prevention when performed as part of a warm-up before high-intensity activity?
- Prolonged static stretching (>60 seconds per muscle)
- Dynamic stretching using sport-specific movements (Correct answer)
- Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) held for 30 seconds
- Passive static stretching for 10 minutes
Correct answer: Dynamic stretching using sport-specific movements
Dynamic stretching prepares the neuromuscular system by increasing tissue temperature and activating movement patterns relevant to the sport without reducing strength or power output.
Question 3: Overuse injuries in athletes are primarily caused by:
- A single traumatic event exceeding tissue tolerance
- Cumulative repetitive stress exceeding the tissue's repair rate over time (Correct answer)
- Poor nutritional habits reducing tissue stiffness
- Genetic predisposition to tendon weakness
Correct answer: Cumulative repetitive stress exceeding the tissue's repair rate over time
Overuse injuries develop when repetitive microtrauma accumulates faster than the tissue can remodel and repair, commonly seen in tendons, bones, and cartilage.
Question 4: The Y-Balance Test (YBT) is primarily used to assess:
- Maximal isometric hip strength
- Dynamic balance and functional movement asymmetry as an injury risk screening tool (Correct answer)
- Sprint speed and agility
- Cardiovascular endurance capacity
Correct answer: Dynamic balance and functional movement asymmetry as an injury risk screening tool
The YBT evaluates dynamic balance in three reach directions and identifies between-limb asymmetries that have been prospectively linked to lower-extremity injury risk.
Question 5: Which factor is most predictive of future hamstring strain injury according to prospective research?
- Low hamstring flexibility measured by passive straight leg raise
- A previous hamstring strain injury (Correct answer)
- Low quadriceps strength
- High sprint speed
Correct answer: A previous hamstring strain injury
Prior hamstring strain injury is consistently the strongest predictor of a future hamstring injury, likely due to residual structural and neuromuscular deficits.
Question 6: Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) is recommended in injury prevention programs primarily because it:
- Improves concentric hamstring peak torque at high speeds
- Eccentrically strengthens the hamstring at long muscle lengths, reducing strain injury risk (Correct answer)
- Increases quadriceps-to-hamstring ratio
- Enhances hip flexor flexibility
Correct answer: Eccentrically strengthens the hamstring at long muscle lengths, reducing strain injury risk
The NHE loads the hamstring eccentrically at long lengths, which remodels fascicle architecture and reduces strain injury risk during the terminal swing phase of sprinting.
CPSS Injury Prevention and Movement Screening 2
What does an asymmetry index (AI) greater than 10–15% in a unilateral strength test typically indicate for a sport scientist?