CPS Risk & Protective Factors 3

Question 1

According to the IOM prevention spectrum, which population should be targeted by 'selective prevention' programs?

Accepted Answer

Subgroups at higher-than-average risk for substance abuse disorders

Answer

The entire general population regardless of risk status

Answer

Individuals who already show early signs of substance use

Answer

Individuals already diagnosed with substance use disorders

Question 2

Early initiation of substance use before age 15 is classified as which type of risk factor?

Accepted Answer

An individual behavioral risk factor

Answer

A community-level environmental risk factor

Answer

A protective factor for preventing more serious later use

Answer

A peer-level social risk factor

Question 3

In risk and protective factor frameworks, what is the primary goal of prevention programming?

Accepted Answer

To simultaneously reduce risk factors and enhance protective factors

Answer

To eliminate all identified risk factors in the target community

Answer

To provide early treatment options for identified substance users

Answer

To increase general public awareness of the dangers of substance use

Question 4

Which of the following accurately describes the 'gateway drug' concept within a risk factor framework?

Accepted Answer

Use of legal substances like alcohol and tobacco may precede and increase risk for illegal drug use

Answer

Communities with higher dealer density have proportionally higher addiction rates

Answer

Genetic factors alone determine an individual's substance use progression

Answer

Peer pressure is the sole causal factor in adolescent progression to illegal drug use

Question 5

A prevention specialist assesses youth in a neighborhood and finds: low school attachment, high family conflict, and substance-using peer networks. This scenario best illustrates:

Accepted Answer

Cumulative risk spanning multiple ecological domains

Answer

A single risk domain requiring one targeted intervention

Answer

A diagnostic criterion for conduct disorder in youth

Answer

An exclusively indicated prevention population

Question 6

What does 'research-based prevention' mean in the context of risk and protective factor practice?

Accepted Answer

Designing interventions that directly address scientifically validated risk and protective factors

Answer

Testing every prevention program using randomized controlled trials before implementation

Answer

Using epidemiological surveillance data to identify at-risk individuals for referral

Answer

Requiring all prevention programs to publish findings in peer-reviewed journals before use

Question 7

Which statement most accurately describes the relationship between risk factors and protective factors according to prevention science?

Accepted Answer

Protective factors buffer the effects of risk factors but rarely eliminate risk entirely

Answer

Protective factors are effective only when risk factors are completely absent

Answer

The presence of a single strong protective factor can fully negate multiple risk factors

Answer

Risk factors consistently exert more influence on outcomes than protective factors