CPR For Specific Populations 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: For a newborn immediately after birth, what is the recommended compression-to-ventilation ratio?
- 3:1 (Correct answer)
- 30:2
- 15:2
- 5:1
Correct answer: 3:1
Neonatal resuscitation uses a 3:1 compression-to-ventilation ratio.
Question 2: What is the primary cause of cardiac arrest in most children and infants?
- Respiratory failure or arrest (Correct answer)
- Coronary artery disease
- Ventricular fibrillation
- Electrolyte imbalance
Correct answer: Respiratory failure or arrest
Pediatric arrests are most often caused by respiratory problems rather than primary cardiac events.
Question 3: How should you open the airway of an infant with no suspected spinal injury?
- Head-tilt/chin-lift to a neutral 'sniffing' position (Correct answer)
- Hyperextend the neck fully
- Flex the chin to the chest
- Jaw-thrust only
Correct answer: Head-tilt/chin-lift to a neutral 'sniffing' position
An infant's airway is opened to a neutral 'sniffing' position to avoid over-extending the soft trachea.
Question 4: For an infant, where should you check for a pulse?
- Brachial artery in the upper arm (Correct answer)
- Carotid artery in the neck
- Radial artery in the wrist
- Femoral artery in the groin
Correct answer: Brachial artery in the upper arm
The brachial artery is the preferred site to check an infant's pulse.
Question 5: What compression depth is recommended for a child (1 year to puberty)?
- About 1/3 the depth of the chest, roughly 2 inches (5 cm) (Correct answer)
- At least 2.4 inches (6 cm)
- About 1 inch (2.5 cm)
- About 1.5 inches (4 cm)
Correct answer: About 1/3 the depth of the chest, roughly 2 inches (5 cm)
For a child, compress about one-third the chest depth, approximately 2 inches (5 cm).
Question 6: When using an AED on a child under 8 years, what is preferred if available?
- Pediatric pads or a pediatric dose attenuator (Correct answer)
- Adult pads at full energy only
- No AED should be used
- Two adult AEDs simultaneously
Correct answer: Pediatric pads or a pediatric dose attenuator
Pediatric pads or a dose attenuator deliver a reduced energy level appropriate for young children.
Question 7: If only adult AED pads are available for an infant, what should you do?
- Use the adult pads, placing one on the chest and one on the back to avoid overlap (Correct answer)
- Withhold the AED entirely
- Cut the pads in half
- Place both pads on the abdomen
Correct answer: Use the adult pads, placing one on the chest and one on the back to avoid overlap
Adult pads can be used on an infant front-and-back so they do not touch, since an AED is better than none.
CPR For Specific Populations 3
For a newborn immediately after birth, what is the recommended compression-to-ventilation ratio?