CPP Lean Six Sigma Fundamentals 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which Lean concept focuses on producing only what is needed, when it is needed, and in the amount needed?
- Just-In-Time (JIT) (Correct answer)
- Total Productive Maintenance
- 5S methodology
- Poka-Yoke
Correct answer: Just-In-Time (JIT)
Just-In-Time (JIT) is a Lean production strategy that aims to reduce inventory and waste by producing only the required quantity at the right time.
Question 2: In Six Sigma, what does the term 'sigma level' primarily measure?
- Process speed
- Process capability relative to defect rate (Correct answer)
- Employee productivity
- Customer satisfaction score
Correct answer: Process capability relative to defect rate
Sigma level quantifies how well a process performs by relating its defect rate to the number of standard deviations between the process mean and specification limits.
Question 3: A value stream map shows a large inventory triangle between two process steps. This icon represents which type of waste?
- Motion
- Overproduction
- Inventory (Correct answer)
- Waiting
Correct answer: Inventory
The inventory triangle symbol in value stream mapping specifically denotes accumulated inventory (WIP or finished goods) between process steps.
Question 4: Which statistical tool is used in Six Sigma to determine whether two or more group means are significantly different?
- Control chart
- Pareto chart
- ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) (Correct answer)
- Scatter diagram
Correct answer: ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)
ANOVA tests whether the means of multiple groups differ significantly, making it useful for comparing process outputs across different conditions or factors.
Question 5: What is the primary purpose of a Kaizen event in a Lean Six Sigma initiative?
- To perform annual strategic planning
- To conduct focused, rapid improvement on a specific process (Correct answer)
- To document baseline process performance
- To train employees in Six Sigma statistics
Correct answer: To conduct focused, rapid improvement on a specific process
A Kaizen event is a concentrated, short-duration (typically 3–5 days) team effort to quickly identify and implement improvements in a targeted process.
Question 6: A process has a Cp of 1.5 but a Cpk of 0.8. What does this indicate?
- The process is both capable and centered
- The process has sufficient spread but is significantly off-center (Correct answer)
- The process spread is too wide for the specification
- Both indices are meaningless without sigma level
Correct answer: The process has sufficient spread but is significantly off-center
Cp measures potential capability (spread vs. tolerance) while Cpk accounts for centering; Cp > Cpk indicates the process has enough room but is shifted away from the target.
Question 7: Which of the following best describes 'takt time' in Lean manufacturing?
- The fastest possible cycle time in a process
- The rate at which products must be completed to meet customer demand (Correct answer)
- The total elapsed time from order to delivery
- The time required to switch between product types
Correct answer: The rate at which products must be completed to meet customer demand
Takt time is calculated as available production time divided by customer demand rate, setting the pace at which each unit must be produced.
CPP Lean Six Sigma Fundamentals 2
Which Lean concept focuses on producing only what is needed, when it is needed, and in the amount needed?