Quality Management & Performance Metrics Flashcards
7 cards from real CPP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Quality Management & Performance Metrics flashcards as text
According to Juran's Quality Trilogy, the three universal processes of managing quality are:
Answer: Quality Planning, Quality Control, Quality Improvement
Juran's Quality Trilogy consists of Quality Planning (designing processes to meet goals), Quality Control (monitoring performance), and Quality Improvement (raising performance to new levels).
A process team calculates that 80% of defects come from 20% of the causes. This observation exemplifies:
Answer: Pareto's 80/20 rule
Pareto's 80/20 rule (Pareto Principle) states that roughly 80% of effects come from 20% of causes, guiding teams to focus on the vital few causes.
When calculating Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), which three factors are multiplied together?
Answer: Availability, Performance, Quality
OEE = Availability × Performance × Quality, measuring how effectively manufacturing equipment is utilized relative to its full potential.
A process improvement team wants to verify that their corrective action actually eliminated the root cause. The best approach is to:
Answer: Monitor post-implementation performance data against baseline
Comparing post-implementation performance data to the pre-improvement baseline provides objective evidence that the root cause was eliminated.
In Lean quality management, 'poka-yoke' refers to:
Answer: Error-proofing mechanisms that prevent defects from occurring
Poka-yoke (mistake-proofing) uses design features or mechanisms that prevent errors from being made or make errors immediately obvious when they occur.
A quality manager finds that the upper control limit (UCL) on a control chart is regularly exceeded. The appropriate first action is to:
Answer: Investigate and identify the assignable cause
A point outside control limits signals a special cause, which must be investigated and identified before any corrective action can be taken.
Which metric best captures the end-to-end quality performance of a multi-step process with steps having individual yields of 95%, 90%, and 98%?
Answer: Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY) of 83.8%
RTY = 0.95 × 0.90 × 0.98 = 0.838 (83.8%), capturing the compounding effect of defects across all process steps.