CPOA Ocular Pharmacology 5

Question 1

Which topical ophthalmic agent is used to reverse the effects of phenylephrine-induced mydriasis?

Accepted Answer

Pilocarpine

Answer

Pilocarpine, a cholinergic miotic agent, constricts the pupil by stimulating the iris sphincter muscle, reversing sympathomimetic mydriasis.

Question 2

Atropine 1% has a longer duration of cycloplegia than cyclopentolate 1%. Approximately how long does atropine's cycloplegic effect last?

Accepted Answer

1-2 weeks

Answer

Atropine's cycloplegic effect can persist for 7-14 days (up to 2 weeks), making it useful in pediatric refraction but inconvenient for routine dilation.

Question 3

Sodium hyaluronate and carboxymethylcellulose are common active ingredients in which type of ocular product?

Accepted Answer

Artificial tears / lubricating eye drops

Answer

Sodium hyaluronate and carboxymethylcellulose are viscosity-enhancing agents that lubricate and moisturize the ocular surface, used in artificial tear preparations.

Question 4

A patient reports a severe allergic reaction to an ophthalmic medication. Which finding would indicate anaphylaxis requiring emergency response?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty breathing and hypotension

Answer

Anaphylaxis presents with systemic symptoms including respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse (hypotension), requiring immediate emergency intervention.

Question 5

Which antiviral medication is used topically to treat herpes simplex keratitis?

Accepted Answer

Trifluridine (Viroptic)

Answer

Trifluridine (trifluorothymidine) is a topical antiviral that inhibits viral DNA synthesis and is the first-line treatment for HSV epithelial keratitis.

(CPOA) Certified Paraoptometric Assistant Practice Test

(CPOA) Certified Paraoptometric Assistant Practice Test

CPOA Ocular Pharmacology 5