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Operations & Project Management Flashcards

7 cards from real CPM practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Operations & Project Management flashcards as text

  1. A bottleneck in a production process is identified. According to the Theory of Constraints (TOC), what should the manager do FIRST?

    Answer: Identify and exploit the constraint before elevating it

    TOC's five focusing steps begin with identifying the constraint, then exploiting it fully before subordinating other processes and elevating its capacity.

  2. A manager uses a probability-impact matrix during risk analysis. A risk with HIGH probability and HIGH impact should be assigned which risk response strategy?

    Answer: Actively mitigate or avoid the risk as a top priority

    High-probability, high-impact risks represent the greatest threat and require active mitigation or avoidance strategies as the top priority.

  3. Which project management document decomposes the total scope of work into smaller, manageable components to improve planning and assignment?

    Answer: Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

    The WBS hierarchically decomposes project deliverables into work packages that can be scheduled, costed, and assigned.

  4. In operations management, 'cycle time' refers to which measurement?

    Answer: The time between successive unit completions in a process

    Cycle time is the average time between completed units coming off a production process, determining throughput rate.

  5. A project manager is tracking budget performance. The project has a Budget at Completion (BAC) of $500,000, EV of $200,000, and AC of $250,000. What is the Estimate at Completion (EAC) assuming current cost performance continues?

    Answer: $625,000

    EAC = BAC / CPI; CPI = 200,000/250,000 = 0.8; EAC = 500,000 / 0.8 = $625,000, indicating the project will overrun budget.

  6. Which quality management approach emphasizes that defects are prevented by designing processes correctly from the start, rather than inspecting for defects after production?

    Answer: Quality by Design (QbD) / Prevention over inspection

    Prevention over inspection shifts quality focus upstream to process design, reducing the cost of poor quality by eliminating defects at the source.

  7. A team is using agile project management. During the sprint retrospective, what is the primary goal?

    Answer: To reflect on the team's process and identify improvements for the next sprint

    The sprint retrospective focuses on continuous process improvement by having the team inspect how it worked and define actionable improvements.