CPI Anatomy & Kinesiology 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which joint type allows the greatest range of motion during a physical restraint hold?
- Hinge joint
- Ball-and-socket joint (Correct answer)
- Pivot joint
- Gliding joint
Correct answer: Ball-and-socket joint
Ball-and-socket joints (like the shoulder and hip) allow multi-directional movement including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.
Question 2: During a crisis hold, applying pressure to the brachial plexus region can cause which complication?
- Increased muscle tone in the arm
- Temporary or permanent nerve damage affecting arm function (Correct answer)
- Improved compliance due to reduced strength
- Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system only
Correct answer: Temporary or permanent nerve damage affecting arm function
The brachial plexus is a network of nerves supplying the arm; compression or stretching can cause numbness, weakness, or permanent nerve injury.
Question 3: The sternoclavicular joint connects which two structures?
- Sternum and humerus
- Sternum and clavicle (Correct answer)
- Scapula and clavicle
- Sternum and scapula
Correct answer: Sternum and clavicle
The sternoclavicular joint is the articulation between the sternum (breastbone) and the proximal end of the clavicle (collarbone).
Question 4: When a person is in a prone restraint position, which muscle group bears the most stress from body weight compression?
- Hamstrings
- Thoracic respiratory muscles and diaphragm (Correct answer)
- Gastrocnemius
- Forearm flexors
Correct answer: Thoracic respiratory muscles and diaphragm
In prone position, body weight compresses the thorax, restricting diaphragm excursion and intercostal expansion, elevating risk of positional asphyxia.
Question 5: Which anatomical term describes movement of a limb toward the body's midline?
- Abduction
- Adduction (Correct answer)
- Circumduction
- Pronation
Correct answer: Adduction
Adduction moves a limb toward the midline of the body, while abduction moves it away.
Question 6: The femoral nerve, if compressed during a restraint maneuver, can impair which function?
- Shoulder abduction
- Wrist extension
- Knee extension and hip flexion (Correct answer)
- Ankle plantar flexion
Correct answer: Knee extension and hip flexion
The femoral nerve innervates the quadriceps (knee extension) and hip flexors, so compression causes weakness in these movements and anterior thigh numbness.
Question 7: Which type of muscle contraction occurs when a muscle generates force while lengthening?
- Concentric contraction
- Isometric contraction
- Eccentric contraction (Correct answer)
- Isotonic contraction
Correct answer: Eccentric contraction
Eccentric contractions occur when a muscle produces tension while being lengthened, such as slowly lowering a person to the ground during a guided descent.
CPI Anatomy & Kinesiology 2
Which joint type allows the greatest range of motion during a physical restraint hold?