CPHR Organizational Development and Change Management 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which model of change management describes three stages: unfreezing, changing, and refreezing?
- Kotter's 8-Step Model
- Lewin's Change Model (Correct answer)
- ADKAR Model
- McKinsey 7-S Framework
Correct answer: Lewin's Change Model
Lewin's Change Model outlines three stages—unfreezing existing behaviors, implementing the change, and refreezing new behaviors to make them permanent.
Question 2: In Kotter's 8-Step Change Model, what is the FIRST step an organization must take?
- Form a powerful guiding coalition
- Create a vision for change
- Create a sense of urgency (Correct answer)
- Communicate the change vision
Correct answer: Create a sense of urgency
Kotter's first step is to create a sense of urgency by helping others see the need for change and the importance of acting immediately.
Question 3: What does the 'A' in the ADKAR change management model stand for?
- Action
- Awareness (Correct answer)
- Adoption
- Alignment
Correct answer: Awareness
In the ADKAR model, 'A' stands for Awareness—individuals must first be aware of the need for change before they can progress through the remaining stages.
Question 4: Which organizational development intervention focuses on improving group processes and interpersonal relationships within a team?
- Survey feedback
- Team building (Correct answer)
- Job enrichment
- Management by objectives
Correct answer: Team building
Team building is an OD intervention specifically designed to improve interpersonal relationships, communication, and group dynamics within a team.
Question 5: A 'force field analysis' in change management is used to:
- Identify key stakeholders and their influence
- Analyze driving and restraining forces affecting a change initiative (Correct answer)
- Assess financial costs and benefits of a change
- Map the current versus future state of a process
Correct answer: Analyze driving and restraining forces affecting a change initiative
Force field analysis, developed by Kurt Lewin, identifies forces that either drive or restrain a desired change, helping organizations strengthen drivers and reduce barriers.
Question 6: Which term describes the emotional and psychological journey individuals experience when adapting to change, often depicted as a curve?
- Resistance arc
- Change saturation index
- The change curve (Correct answer)
- Adaptive capacity model
Correct answer: The change curve
The change curve (often based on Kübler-Ross's grief model) maps the emotional stages individuals pass through during organizational change, from denial to acceptance.
Question 7: What is 'change saturation' in an organizational context?
- The point at which all employees have fully adopted a new process
- When an organization has implemented too many changes simultaneously, reducing employees' capacity to absorb more (Correct answer)
- A technique for measuring the depth of cultural transformation
- The stage where change becomes embedded in organizational culture
Correct answer: When an organization has implemented too many changes simultaneously, reducing employees' capacity to absorb more
Change saturation occurs when employees are overwhelmed by the volume or pace of simultaneous changes, leading to fatigue, disengagement, and resistance.
CPHR Organizational Development and Change Management 1
Which model of change management describes three stages: unfreezing, changing, and refreezing?