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Environmental Emergencies Flashcards

7 cards from real CPEN practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Environmental Emergencies flashcards as text

  1. A 3-year-old is brought in after a backyard bee sting with urticaria, vomiting, and audible stridor. Blood pressure is 70/40. Which is the CORRECT epinephrine dose and route for anaphylaxis in this child?

    Answer: 0.01 mg/kg of 1:1,000 concentration IM in the anterolateral thigh

    Epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg (max 0.5 mg) of 1:1,000 solution IM into the anterolateral thigh is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis.

  2. A 8-year-old presents with a dog bite to the hand sustained 12 hours ago. The wound is red, swollen, and has purulent discharge. Gram stain shows gram-negative rods. Which organism is MOST likely?

    Answer: Pasteurella multocida

    Pasteurella multocida, a gram-negative rod, is the most common pathogen in early dog (and cat) bite infections and is typically sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanate.

  3. A 5-year-old sustains a partial-thickness sunburn to both arms after a day at the beach. Parents ask about home wound care. Which recommendation is CORRECT?

    Answer: Cover with cool, moist cloths and use ibuprofen for pain; do not break blisters

    Cool compresses, oral NSAIDs, hydration, and leaving blisters intact are the correct management for partial-thickness burns from sunburn.

  4. A 14-year-old fell into a frozen pond and was submerged for 8 minutes. He is now alert with core temp of 34°C and mild confusion. Frostbitten fingers are white and wooden. Which rewarming approach for the frostbitten fingers is CORRECT?

    Answer: Rewarm in water at 40–42°C for 15–30 minutes if there is no risk of refreezing

    Rapid rewarming in water at 40–42°C is the standard treatment for frostbite, and should be performed only when refreezing is not a risk.

  5. A 7-year-old from rural Texas is brought to the ED with sudden ascending paralysis over 6 hours. Parents report a camping trip last weekend. Cranial nerves are intact and there is no fever. CSF is normal. Which is the MOST likely diagnosis?

    Answer: Tick paralysis

    Tick paralysis presents with ascending flaccid paralysis without fever, normal CSF, and intact sensation — caused by neurotoxin in tick saliva that blocks neuromuscular junction.

  6. A 10-year-old presents after a snakebite with progressive arm swelling, nausea, and vomiting. The parents bring the dead snake in a bag. It has a triangular head, heat-sensing pits, and a rattle. Which antivenom is INDICATED?

    Answer: Crotalidae Polyvalent Immune Fab (CroFab)

    CroFab is the antivenom indicated for North American pit viper (crotalid) envenomation, including rattlesnakes, cottonmouths, and copperheads.

  7. A 9-year-old swimmer is rescued from a warm lake after a 3-minute submersion. She is coughing, alert, and mildly tachypneic with SpO₂ of 94% on room air. Her parents want to take her home after she 'seems fine.' What is the CORRECT disposition recommendation?

    Answer: Observe for a minimum of 6–8 hours with repeat respiratory assessment

    All submersion victims with any initial symptoms should be observed for 6–8 hours for signs of secondary drowning or worsening respiratory failure.