CPCE Social and Cultural Diversity 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A counselor notices that a client from a collectivist culture defers major life decisions to their family elders. The most culturally responsive approach is to:
- Encourage the client to make autonomous decisions to promote independence
- Explore how family involvement aligns with the client's own values and goals (Correct answer)
- Refer the client to a counselor who shares their cultural background
- Explain that Western counseling emphasizes individual self-determination
Correct answer: Explore how family involvement aligns with the client's own values and goals
Culturally responsive counselors explore whether family involvement is congruent with the client's own values rather than imposing individualistic frameworks.
Question 2: Which concept describes the cumulative psychological toll of navigating both one's heritage culture and the dominant culture simultaneously?
- Cultural encapsulation
- Acculturative stress (Correct answer)
- Stereotype threat
- Marginalization
Correct answer: Acculturative stress
Acculturative stress refers to psychological strain arising from the demands of adapting to a new or dominant culture while maintaining one's heritage identity.
Question 3: A school counselor observes that Black students are disproportionately referred for disciplinary action compared to White peers for similar behavior. This pattern best exemplifies:
- Individual prejudice
- Systemic racism (Correct answer)
- Cultural deficit thinking
- Implicit bias only
Correct answer: Systemic racism
Disproportionate disciplinary outcomes embedded in institutional policies and practices reflect systemic racism rather than isolated individual acts.
Question 4: The RESPECTFUL counseling model addresses which of the following dimensions?
- Only race and ethnicity
- Religious identity, economic class, sexual identity, and other identity facets (Correct answer)
- Risk assessment, empathy, and therapeutic alliance only
- Referral pathways for diverse clients
Correct answer: Religious identity, economic class, sexual identity, and other identity facets
The RESPECTFUL model is a ten-factor framework addressing Religion, Economic class, Sexual identity, Psychological development, Ethnic identity, Chronological age, Trauma, Family, Unique physical characteristics, and Location.
Question 5: A Latinx client reports feeling shame about seeking counseling because it is viewed as airing 'family secrets' publicly. This reflects the cultural value of:
- Personalismo
- Familismo and formalismo (Correct answer)
- Marianismo
- Simpatía
Correct answer: Familismo and formalismo
Familismo emphasizes loyalty and privacy within the family unit, making disclosure to outsiders feel like a betrayal of family honor.
Question 6: When a counselor assumes that a client who has not made eye contact is being deceptive, without considering cultural norms, this is an example of:
- Countertransference
- Ethnocentric monoculturalism (Correct answer)
- Positive regard failure
- Multicultural counseling competence
Correct answer: Ethnocentric monoculturalism
Ethnocentric monoculturalism involves applying dominant cultural norms as the universal standard for interpreting behavior across all groups.
Question 7: According to Berry's acculturation model, which strategy occurs when an individual maintains their heritage culture while actively engaging with the dominant culture?
- Assimilation
- Separation
- Integration (Correct answer)
- Marginalization
Correct answer: Integration
Integration (or biculturalism) involves retaining one's original cultural identity while also participating in the larger society.
CPCE Social and Cultural Diversity 2
A counselor notices that a client from a collectivist culture defers major life decisions to their family elders.
The most culturally responsive approach is to: